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Subject: International law

No additional authority information available for International law.


Manuscript (Poem) - circa 1860sManuscript (Poem) - circa 1860s

A handwritten four-line poem signed by Francis Lieber, likely an autograph response, which reads: "Let Emperor never rule This land,/ Nor fitful Crowd, nor senseless pride;/ Our master is our self-made Law/ To him we bow, and none beside." The item also includes a newspaper obituary for Dr. Francis Lieber, dated October 3, 1872, detailing his life as a political philosopher, his military service, and his contributions to political science and international law, notably the "Lieber Code" during the American Civil War. The poem is written in a neat cursive hand on a folded sheet of paper. The obituary is a printed column of text, clipped from a newspaper. **3.

Neutrality Certificate for Judah Hays, Boston, June 27, 1800Neutrality Certificate for Judah Hays, Boston, June 27, 1800

Neutrality certificate drawn up in Boston on June 27, 1800, before Notary Public Samuel Cooper, British Consul Thomas MacDonogh, and Spanish Consul Don Juan Stoughton. This document certifies that merchandise owned by Judah Hays is not owned by any citizen of a belligerent country and will be disposed of by Hays, a citizen of the USA. The certificate is signed by all parties mentioned. This document relates to the Neutrality Act of 1794, which made it illegal for American citizens to wage war against countries at peace with the United States. The act also prohibited foreign warships from outfitting in American waters and established a three-mile territorial limit at sea.