Subject: Jewish American Businessmen

Billhead from M. Oppenheimer & Co., dated November 22, 1899. The billhead features a lithograph of the nine-story Oppenheimer building located at 811 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. This billhead is part of the Kaufman, Oppenheimer & Co. Archive, a collection of billheads, receipts, and broadsides documenting the evolution of this Jewish manufacturing and wholesale clothing firm from the late 1870s through 1902. Founded as Klee & Kaufman in Allegheny City in 1851 by Simon Kaufman and his father-in-law Jacob Klee, the firm moved to Pittsburgh in 1860. After Jacob Klee's withdrawal in 1865, Moses Oppenheimer joined as a partner. By 1879, the firm was known as Kaufman, Oppenheimer & Co., boasting an estimated revenue of $8,000,000 (in 2016 dollars) and employing 150 people. Simon Kaufman's withdrawal in late 1879 resulted in the firm becoming M. Oppenheimer & Co. Both Kaufman and Oppenheimer were active in Pittsburgh's Jewish community and founding members of Rodeph Shalom Synagogue.

Billhead from Rauh Brothers & Co., a men's furnishing goods manufacturer and wholesaler located at 800-802 Liberty Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dated March 26, 1894. The principals of the firm were Enoch, Marcus, Abe I., and Chas. M. Rauh. According to the Rauh Archives at the Pittsburgh Historical Society, Enoch Rauh was the leading figure in the company. The business, established circa 1879/80 by Enoch Rauh and his three brothers with support from their uncle Abraham Lippman, expanded significantly, employing over 100 people by 1886 and establishing a branch office in New York. Its reach extended into Ohio, West Virginia, and Kentucky. Enoch Rauh was a prominent figure in Pittsburgh's civic life, holding various trusteeships and directorships in organizations like the Carnegie Library and the Young Men's Hebrew Association.

Stock certificate of the Helena Steam Power and Lighting Company, Helena, Montana, dated December 26, 1885. Signed by Moses Morris as President and Herman Gans as Secretary. F.H. Kleinschmidt purchased fifteen shares, as indicated by his signature on the reverse. The certificate features gold borders and an Egyptian motif.

Receipt issued by M. Oppenheimer & Co. on October 24, 1894. The receipt is from the Kaufman, Oppenheimer & Co. Archive, a collection of billheads, receipts, and broadsides documenting the evolution of this Jewish manufacturing and wholesale clothing firm from the late 1870s through 1902. Founded in 1851 as Klee & Kaufman in Allegheny City by Simon Kaufman and his father-in-law Jacob Klee, the firm moved to Pittsburgh in 1860. Moses Oppenheimer joined as a partner in 1865 after Jacob Klee withdrew. In 1879, the firm became M. Oppenheimer & Co. after Simon Kaufman's departure. The firm was prominently featured in *Industries of Pittsburgh* (1879), reporting approximately $8,000,000 in revenue (in 2016 dollars) and employing 150 people in manufacturing. Both Kaufman and Oppenheimer were founding members of Rodeph Shalom Synagogue (Reform) in Pittsburgh, organized in 1856. The receipt indicates the business address as 811 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Trade card for J. Kaufmann & Bros., clothiers, located at 83, 85, and 87 Smithfield Street in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The card features a comical character and is circa 1885. This is one of a set of three.