Subject: Mercantile

Advertisement for Marvel Flour. Dated May 11, 1903. The advertisement is part of a collection of financial records, suggesting it may have been included in business accounts or related materials. Geographic location is implied as New York, based on coordinates provided in the metadata.

Newspaper advertisement from the *General Advertiser*, published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on July 28, 1797. The advertisement mentions Patrick Rice, a Jewish clerk for David Frank, and notes that by 1800 Rice was High Sheriff of Philadelphia. The advertisement also mentions Israel.

This bill of lading documents a shipment of dry goods via the California Fast Freight Line, issued on November 17, 1880, from New York. The goods were consigned by P. Liberman & Son of New York and addressed to Louis Rosenbaum in Virginia City, Nevada. The freight line operated in conjunction with Chicago & North Western, Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific, Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R.Rds., and Union & Central Pacific R.Rds. The document features the prominent company name "CALIFORNIA FAST FREIGHT LINE" at the top and lists various agents and managers. The consignor and consignee names are written in ornate script, and there is a signature by "Strauss."

A bill of lading from Mordecai & Co., Agents for the Baltimore and Charleston Railroad and Steamship Co., issued on September 19, 1867, in Baltimore. The document records the shipment of "2 Boxes (Cont. Carriage) Wheels" aboard the Steamer "Galecar". The goods were shipped by Geo. Carl and consigned to Geo. Carl in Charleston, S.C. Charges include $5.00 for freight, $2.50 for wharfage, and $0.30 for expense, totaling $7.80. The document features a company logo depicting a sailing steamship, with ornate Victorian-style lettering for the company name and decorative borders in the header.

This billhead from Ackerman, Block & Co. in San Francisco, dated April 20, 1883, details a transaction with S. Chielovich & Co. for various household and mercantile goods. Ackerman, Block & Co. is identified as importers of "Crockery, Glassware, Plated Ware, Cutlery, Lamps, Kerosene Goods, House Furnishing Goods, Clocks, Etc." The billhead lists numerous items such as punch tumblers, sherries, med & ales, honey mitchels, bar tumblers, bars, thins, fancies, cut caraffes, Derby liqueures, cordials, bittertubes, pedral paid pears, singes, buggy bar rd chgs, car kerosene, eng bottled, and Chaguagh glasses, with their respective quantities and prices. The total amount for the transaction is 185.5960. The document features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business names and a notice at the top stating, "OUR GOODS BEING PACKED BY EXPERIENCED PACKERS, NO CLAIMS FOR BREAKAGE CAN BE MADE." 3.

A billhead from Ansel Hecht, a manufacturer and patentee of plaited and fluted trimmings, located at 54 Lispenard Street, New York. Dated April 29, 1873, the invoice is addressed to M. C. Hood & Co. and lists purchases including "Steel Plaits" and "Cascade" trimmings, totaling $19.15. The document features ornate Victorian-style script for the date and the buyer's name, along with a decorative arrow motif enclosing "TRADE MARK." The business name and description are prominently displayed in a clear, bold serif font. **3.

Billhead for B. Berman, a dealer in Dry Goods, Clothing, Notions, Hats, Boots, Shoes & Furnishing Goods. Located in Luling, Texas, the bill was issued to J.Y. Corida on February 5, 1892. The bill lists one item purchased, likely clothing or a fabric, with a price of 11.50. The bill is signed by Berman, indicating the transaction was likely a receipt for payment. The business lists its NY Office address as 2 Oliver Street.

This billhead from Berry & Angerman, wholesale and retail dealers in Boots and Shoes, Clothing, Furnishing Goods, Blankets, Hats, etc., records a transaction with Mr. Tompkins in Leadville, Colorado, dated November 1, 1888. The item listed is "1 Pr Miss Jr. son" for a total of 50 cents, marked as paid on October 5th. The document features ornate script for the buyer's name and the location/date, with bold lettering for the business name and product categories. Ruled lines are present for itemizing purchases. The payment is signed by "Berry & Angerman." **3.

This bill of lading from Caesar & Co. documents the shipment of 100 hogsheads of sugar and 220 barrels of molasses aboard the vessel "Nashville" from New Orleans to New York. The cargo is consigned to Moses Taylor. Freight charges are specified as Five Dollars and Eighty Cents per hogshead of sugar and Two Dollars and Fifty Cents per barrel of molasses. The document is dated December 20, 1836, and signed by Jackson (Master) and Franklin & Ames. The item features a small engraved vignette depicting a ship loading cargo, along with decorative script for sections such as "SHIPPED." and "Contents unknown to". The form was printed and sold by Benjamin Levy in New Orleans. 3.

This billhead from D. Crehange & Co., Wholesale Clothiers in Syracuse, N.Y., dated March 30, 1882, documents a transaction with Mr. Jos. Brook. The invoice lists four separate entries for "Boys' Suits," with quantities of 6 for each line, at prices of $2.50, $4.25, $4.25, and $6.00, totaling $107.00. The billhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the company name and prominently states "WHOLESALE CLOTHIERS" and "EXTRA SIZED GARMENTS A SPECIALTY." 3.

This billhead documents a transaction from Dreyfus, Marx & Co., Booksellers and Stationers of Memphis, Tennessee, to Mr. Jno. Freeman on February 3, 1887. The itemized list includes purchases such as 100 "Large Batch," 1 "White Heads," 1 "Crate 1' Dish," 32 "D.E. Ledgers," and other unspecified items, totaling 12.09. The billhead features an ornate Victorian-style logo for "DREYFUS, MARX & CO." and prominently states their business as "WHOLESALE BOOKSELLERS AND STATIONERS," also noting "Wrapping Paper, Paper Bags and Printing a Specialty." It includes conditions of sale: "Positively no Reclamations Allowed unless made within Five Days after receipt of Goods. All Goods Shipped at the Risk of Purchaser." 3.

This billhead documents a transaction on September 30, 1878, between Elias Haiman, Southern Agricultural Works in Atlanta, GA, and Childs Nickerson & Co. of Athens, GA. The itemized list includes 200 Cast Points, 24 mall. Clovis, and 144 1/2 x 4 1/2 Steel S. Turn Shovels, with a total amount of $86.34. The billhead is marked "Paid." It features a detailed lithographic illustration of the factory building, showing a multi-story brick structure with industrial smokestacks and horse-drawn wagons in front. The business name, "Elias Haiman Southern Agricultural Works," is presented in ornate Victorian-style lettering within decorative banners and flanked by agricultural tools, including a plow.

This billhead from Ely, Oberholser & Co., dealers in foreign and domestic dry goods, details a transaction with J. & S. S. Durland, dated October 1, 1869. The item lists various dry goods with quantities and prices, amounting to a total of $1253.93. The document features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and an embossed circular stamp stating "NO GOODS TO BE RETURNED UNLESS THEY ARE DAMAGED." 3.

This billhead from Emil Calman & Co., Manufacturers of Varnishes & Japans, located at 299 Pearl St, New York, NY, is dated August 6, 1883. It records the sale of varnishes to Mr. A. A. Crain of Monticello, NY, including 75 gallons of Brown Japan, 40 gallons of No. 1 S. Furniture varnish, and 5 gallons of No. 1 Coach varnish, for a total of $20.35. The item features an ornate, detailed company logo with a shield displaying various varnish types (Coach Body, Carriage, Furniture, Damar, Shellac, Brown & Black, Japan) and stylized "Varnishes & Japans" text within an elaborate banner design, characteristic of Victorian-era commercial lithography. The document includes a note that "All complaints to be made in writing within thirty days after receipt of goods" and that the "goods ordered through Your favor are Shipped per Erie R.R." 3.

This billhead from Fleischmann & Co., "Original Manufacturers, Introducers & Distributors in the United States and Canadas of Compressed Yeast," records a transaction with Messrs. Moore & Pollard through their Hartford Corres. Agency on September 1, 1885. The terms were cash, and the item listed is 1 dozen of Yeast for a total of $7.50. The document features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and a decorative border, typical of commercial printing from the period. **3.

This billhead from Frank Brothers & Co., Clothiers & Jobbers of Men's Wear, records a transaction with Mess. Aliralt & Co. on June 7, 1878. The item listed is "1 Trick Tonder" for $16.12. The document features an ornate Victorian-style masthead for "FRANK BROTHERS & CO." with decorative typography, identifying the business as "CLOTHIERS & JOBBERS of MEN'S WEAR," and a standard ruled ledger format. Terms for cash and discounts are printed at the top left. 3.

This billhead from FRED. J. KIESEL & CO., Forwarding and Commission Merchants of Corinne, Utah, dated August 5, 1875, records a transaction involving merchandise received by the company. The goods, specified as "1 Box Oldaxe," were consigned to A. M. Cottes, to be delivered to Helena. The document indicates a freight payment of $19.00 was received on September 1st, 1875, by Henry Bolingbroke on behalf of A. M. Holter Bros. The billhead features a decorative company name and business description in ornate Victorian-style lettering at the top, along with red horizontal rule lines for organization. 3.

This billhead from Greenhood, Bohm & Co., Manufacturers' Agents for Havana & Domestic Cigars and Jobbers in Smokers' Articles, records a transaction dated October 20, 1883. The item was sold to H. D. Claflin & Co. for a total of $9.35, likely for cigars or smokers' articles. The business was located at No. 18 Vesey Street in New York. The billhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name, a decorative rule below the address, and printed text detailing their business. A diagonal overstamp reads "GREENHOOD, BOHM & CO. HELENA, MONTANA." 3.

This itemized billhead was issued by H. Wertheimer (originally Seldner & Co.), Dealers in Dry Goods, located at No. 13 Main Street in Norfolk, Virginia, to Msrs. Drew, Pretlow, & Co. on June 6, 1867. The bill details a transaction for various dry goods, including "Cal. Print," "Summer Drill," "Duck," "Lawns," "Prints," "Coats Spools," "Cotton Hdkfs," and "Pr Shoes," with corresponding quantities, unit prices, and extended totals. The total amount due is $102.89, which includes freight charges. The document features ornate script for the buyer's name and the location, and standard serif font for the seller's business details. The printed business name "SELDNER & CO." is enclosed within a decorative border and has been crossed out, with "H. Wertheimer" handwritten above it, indicating a change in business name or management. A clause regarding claims is printed at the top. The verso contains handwritten notes including "Unpaid Seldner & Co. Bill." 3.

This billhead, dated June 20, 1883, documents a transaction between Hamburger Brothers, Distillers and Importers of Fine Whiskies in Chicago, Illinois, and S. R. Ruford & Co. of Virginia City. The item is for the purchase of fine whiskies, including "The King Sour Mash Whiskey," with various amounts totaling figures like 188.37 and 584.45 listed. The billhead features an elaborate engraving as a company logo, which includes decorative banners identifying the business as "DISTILLERS" and "IMPORTERS," and an emblem proudly proclaiming "THE KING SOUR MASH WHISKEY," along with the establishment dates "ESTABLISHED 1868" and "HAND MADE 1869." The typography includes ornate Victorian-style script for the date, location, and other key details.

This billhead from Henry Fuhrman, a jobber in Dry Goods, Notions, Boots, Shoes, and Gents' Furnishing Goods, records a transaction with Mr. John Stibal on March 8, 1882, in Fremont, Nebraska. The transaction includes the purchase of 12 pairs of grain shoes at 85 cents each for a total of $10.20, and 12 pairs of women's shoes at $1.00 each for a total of $12.00, bringing the grand total to $22.20. The terms of the sale were 90 days, and a note indicates "Back order." The billhead features an ornate Victorian-style design, including an illustration of a multi-story commercial building, likely the "Fuhrman Block," on the left side. The header also states, "All claims must be made within 5 days after receipt of goods, and all bills paid by draft on Chicago or New York."

This billhead from Israel Blitz & Son, Manufacturers of Window Glass in Detroit, Michigan, is dated September 18, 1880. It records a sale to Mr. Turk Bros. of Pontiac, MI, for various sizes of window glass (10x16 SSA, 10x18, and 9x13). The bill details quantities and prices for each type of glass, totaling $49.00, with a paid amount of $19.60 noted as "Paid by draft." The billhead features an ornate banner logo for "Israel Blitz & Son" and prominent, decorative block lettering for "WINDOW GLASS." It also includes the inscription "DETROIT CITY GLASS WORKS" at the top and outlines the company's terms, factory locations (Del Rey, Wayne Co.), and office/warehouse address (Foot of Woodward Avenue).

This billhead from J. Coblentz, operating as "Camiseria Elegante" (Elegant Shirtmaker), is addressed to Señor Adolfo Payres in Mexico City and dated February 17, 1870. The transaction details the purchase of five shirts (Camisas), three pairs of underpants (Calzoncillos), two ties (Corbatas), and four handkerchiefs (Pañuelos), totaling 14.6 units of currency. The item features a prominent lithographic illustration of the "Camiseria Elegante" storefront at Calle de la Palma, No. 11, showing customers and staff. The design includes ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and decorative flourishes typical of the period.

This billhead from June 21, 1887, documents the sale of 500 bags for $15 by Joseph Levy, a dealer in new and second-hand bags located at 46 Clay Street, San Francisco, to Wadhams & Elliott. The item is marked as a "Duplicate." The billhead displays ornate script for "San Francisco" and the buyer's name, bold block lettering for the business description ("NEW AND SECOND-HAND BAGS"), a small circular seal with "BOUGHT" inside, and decorative flourishes surrounding the address. The printing information indicates it was produced by Chas. Levy, 1202 Mason St.

A billhead from Joseph Netter & Co., Wholesale Clothiers, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dated October 5, 1883. The bill lists various clothing items, including overcoats, "legg" (likely leggings), bales, and other unspecified items, sold to Hoenig & Schutter. Quantities and individual prices are noted, totaling $473.00, with a final amount due of $439.99 after a discount. The billhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and 'Wholesale Clothiers' designation, with a decorative border around the business address. It also includes warnings regarding claim submission and prompt payment. The reverse side contains handwritten calculations and notes, indicating a payment or account adjustment. **3.

This billhead from L. Levenson & Co., Manufacturers and Jobbers of Clothing, located at 548 & 550 Broadway, New York, is dated February 10, 1888. It details a transaction for Mr. Jos. Brooks of Waterloo, NY. The invoice lists five distinct clothing items, each with a quantity of one, priced at 3.50, 3.75, 3.75, 4.00, and 3.75, for a total of 18.75. The document features a decorative banner-style company logo for "L. LEVENSON & CO." with "MANUFACTURERS AND JOBBERS OF CLOTHING" specified below it. The date and buyer's name are written in an ornate script, typical of late 19th-century commercial stationery. 3.

This billhead from LAS CIEN MIL CAMISAS, VIUDA LEVY É HIJA, located at Calle de la Palma No. 15, Mexico City, dated November 17, 1870, details a transaction with Sr. Dn. Adolfo Payro. The items listed include 3 camisas (shirts), 4 sabanas (sheets), 7 camisas (shirts), 4 calzoncillos (underpants), 2 paraguas (umbrellas), and 2 corbatas (ties), totaling 62.5. The document features a lithographic illustration of the store front with customers outside, ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name, and decorative borders. 3.

This billhead, dated January 25, 1875, records a transaction from Lobenstein & Gans in New York to A. C. Noot Mfg. Co. of Unionville, Connecticut. The invoice details the purchase of 4 pieces of broad red ribbon, totaling 16 yards, for $6.40. Lobenstein & Gans are identified as importers and dealers in German Cigar Moulds, Presses, Straps, Cutters, Ribbons, &c., and sole agents for Windmueller & Meynen. The billhead features an ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and a wood engraving of a cigar press on the upper left. 3.

This billhead from Louis Stix & Co., Dealers in Dry Goods, Notions, Cloaks, and Mantillas, documents a transaction with Mr. Jno Rick on August 31, 1870. The invoice lists various dry goods items, including yarn, needles, thread, prints, and carpet chain, with specified quantities and prices, totaling $128.65, with a final payment received of $128.36. The document features a detailed lithographic illustration of the Louis Stix & Co. store building and the company name displayed in ornate Victorian-style lettering. A U.S. revenue stamp is affixed to the lower left corner.

This billhead for Louis Stix & Co., Importers & Wholesale Dealers in Foreign & Domestic Staple & Fancy Dry Goods, is dated March 13, 1865. It records a transaction with Mr. E. E. C. for various dry goods, including spools, "Foods," linen, "Embre Cottmade," "C b," "Fancy Tweed," and "Cont g Net," totaling $158.31. The bill is marked as "Paid" and features a 3-cent U.S. revenue stamp. The billhead design includes elegant Victorian-style calligraphy for the business name and location, with an ornate oval frame detailing terms for deductions and returns within five days of receipt.

This billhead from M. & C. Salomon, dated April 9, 1875, records a transaction with A. C. Noot Manufacturing Co. of Unionville, Connecticut. The invoice details the sale of 3 bales of Havana Tobacco for a total of $289.85, with terms of a 3 months note. The billhead features decorative elements including an ornate logo with text "Importers of HAVANA SEGARS, LEAF TOBACCO, AND BRANDIES" and stylized lettering for the business name "M. & C. Salomon" with the word "BOUCHE" above it, characteristic of late 19th-century commercial printing.

This billhead from M. Meyer & Co., manufacturers of ladies' scarfs, fichus, bows, and novelties in ladies' neck wear, located at 95 Mercer Street, New York, records a transaction on September 4, 1873. The item purchased by M. C. Hood & Co. is listed as "6 doz Scarf fichus" with a total of 28.50. The document features an ornate masthead with "M. MEYER & CO." in decorative lettering and details about their products. The date and the buyer's name "Mssrs M C Hood & Co" are handwritten in script.

This billhead, dated November 8, 1877, details a transaction between M. S. Kahn, successor to Kahn & Goldsmith, Importers of Baskets, and Mess. Oliver & Norton. The itemized list includes various baskets, willow ware, papier mache goods, Japanese and colored willow furniture. The total amount due is $54.70. The billhead features a decorative vignette of a willow ware folding stand and ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name, prominently displaying "M. S. Kahn, SUCCESSOR TO KAHN & GOLDSMITH, IMPORTERS OF Baskets and German Baskets, Willow Ware & Papier Mache Goods, JAPAN and COLORED WILLOW FURNITURE, &c, &c." 3.

This billhead records a transaction where A. M. Hotler purchased 14 lemons for $1.00 from M. Silverman, a wholesale and retail dealer in Helena, Montana, on August 1, 1881. The business offered a diverse range of products, including cigars, tobaccos, arms, ammunition, cutlery, pipes, green fruits, Sharps business items, sporting and Creedmore rifles, field glasses, clocks, notions, toys, and confectionery. The bill is marked as "Paid M.S.". Visually, the item features a prominent, ornate block letter masthead for "M. SILVERMAN," with a detailed list of goods presented in a smaller, elegant serif font, characteristic of late 19th-century commercial printing. The document includes standard ruled lines for transaction details. 3.

This billhead from Macy & Co., located at 190 Sixth Avenue in New York, dated February 19, 1867, documents the sale of merchandise to Mr. W. L. Williams. The transaction includes 2 dozen cans of cherries for $18.00 and 1 dozen cans of pears for $0.75, totaling $18.75. The document also serves as a payment receipt, indicated by "Rec Payment Macy & Co. Per H. G. Walker" inscribed at the bottom. The billhead features elegant calligraphic script for the date and the buyer's name, with a decorative "Bought of" preceding the prominent "MACY & CO.," name, which is presented in a bold serif font.

This billhead documents a transaction between Moses Cohen & Sons, a dry goods merchant in Baltimore, Maryland, and Messrs. Jones Bros. of Front Royal, Virginia, on December 20, 1889. The item lists the purchase of various fabrics including Bolton Sidecia, Androscoggin Sattern, Pepperell, Exeter Gingham, and Lancaster, with a total cost of $18.85. The billhead features the business name "MOSES COHEN & SONS" in a prominent block-letter style, with an ornate "Bought of" flourish. A red stamped message on the left side reads: "Claims for errors, correction of prices or terms, must be made AT ONCE, or bills settled as rendered. Goods sold".

This billhead from Rice & Goldsmith, dated June 22, 1866, details a transaction with Mr. Thomas Redmond. The statement of account lists various quantities of cigars, including "Tusco Cigars," "Coronas," "E.C. Globes," "Yenuis," and "G. Sol Imports," along with a charge for "Paper Strapping & Drayage." It also notes a return of 1000 cigars, resulting in a total outstanding balance of $368.50. The billhead features an elaborate lithographic illustration of Rice & Goldsmith's three-story building at 208 Walnut Street, along with ornate Victorian-style lettering for the company name.

This billhead documents a transaction between Rubel & Penglase, Importers & Wholesale Liquor and Cigar Merchants, located at Fourth & Main Streets in Ogden, Utah, and Miss Halliday. The bill, dated February 4, 1886, records the purchase of one case of Curaco for 12 units of currency. The item also indicates an association with Halliday & Co. in Dillon, Montana. The billhead features a detailed lithographic illustration of the Rubel & Penglase building, along with ornate Victorian-style typography for the company name and decorative borders, typical of late 19th-century commercial design. The business also maintained a branch in Sidney, Nebraska, and an office in Cincinnati, Ohio. 3.

A billhead for S. Wise & Brother, Wholesale Dealers in Dry Goods & Notions, located at No. 4 Earl & Hatcher's Block, Third Street, Lafayette, Indiana, dated June 20, 1867. The bill records a transaction where B. Canaday & Co. purchased 'Mill Creek Jeans' for a total of $20.55. The document is marked 'Rec'd payment by S. Wise & Bro.' It features a detailed lithographic illustration of the S. Wise & Brother store building, ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name, and a U.S. revenue stamp on the left side.

This billhead records a transaction between Stein Brothers, jobbers and wholesale clothiers located at 295 Baltimore Street, and Mess. Snyder & Miller on March 20, 1867. The bill lists various clothing items sold, including quantities and prices, totaling $81.50, with a handwritten notation for a $5.00 discount, resulting in a payment of $76.50. The document features a detailed textual block on the left listing Stein Brothers as "Importers and Jobbers of all Kinds of Goods" and "MANUFACTURERS OF MEN & BOYS' CLOTHING," along with types of fabrics and goods offered. The company name "STEIN BROTHERS" is prominently displayed in ornate, bold lettering. A 3-cent U.S. revenue stamp, dated MAR 19, is affixed to the lower-left corner of the document.

A billhead from Vogler & Geudtner, manufacturers of Trunks and Traveling Bags, located at 109 & 111 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. Dated September 22, 1877, the invoice lists several items, including "Parksquare" and "Park" trunks, with quantities and prices. The total amount due is handwritten as $59.58. The document specifies "TERMS: Cash" and includes a note that "No Claims allowed for deduction or damage unless reported within five days after receipt of goods" and "GOODS SHIPPED AT OWNER'S RISK ONLY." The billhead features a prominent lithographic illustration of an ornate trunk on the left side, and the business name and product description are displayed in decorative, Victorian-style fonts. **3.

This item is a billhead from Wallerstein & Kunst, a metals dealer located at 174 William Street, New York, dated July 25, 1862. It records a transaction with M. Luther Boardman for the purchase of 150 slabs of Straits Tin for a total of $4425.86. The bill notes that the sale was conducted "through Messrs. Winterhoff & Co." The billhead features printed business information in a clean, legible font, while the transaction details are handwritten in elegant cursive script. **3.

This billhead from Weis & Zoebisch, dealers in hats, caps, furs, and walking canes, located at 538 Washington Street, Boston, records the sale of a "Gray Ast.- Cap" for $3.00 to Mrs. Thompson on December 15, 1875. The item is marked as paid. The billhead features decorative script lettering for the date, location, and buyer's name, with the business name and products in bold uppercase. A small vignette illustration of a hunting dog and game appears in the upper left corner.

This billhead from Wolff Brothers & Co. details an invoice for various hats, caps, and straw goods purchased by Durarak & Beckman. The items listed include specific styles such as "Brawers Albia," "Georgia College," "Bluebird Scotch," "Blue Moscos," "Coyp Roller," "Parisian," "Albion," "Valurbans," "Garfield," "Blue Ruskie," "Blue Franklin," "Pearl Empire," and "Low brown Nelson," with quantities and prices for each. The total amount is 179.50. The bill notes shipment via "Mo Valley" and that the balance will follow. The billhead features a decorative masthead with an ornate company logo depicting a shield crest flanked by hats, and the business name "Wolff Brothers & Co." in a stylized script. Below this, the types of goods sold—"HATS, CAPS, STRAW GOODS, GLOVES AND UMBRELLAS"—are presented with elaborate Victorian-style borders and varied typography. 3.

Billhead for work performed for Mikvah Israel on May 26, 1865. The billhead features a vignette of fruit and the name E. Satterthwait. This is number 4 of 12 billheads.

Billhead listing the Nashville House located at 410 Union Street. The date of the billhead is unknown, but the record was created on December 30, 1899.

Billhead from Adler, A. / Levy, Isaac, successors to Hirsch, Adler & Co., located in New Orleans, Louisiana. The billhead is dated July 27, 1880. This item is part of the E Collection and is housed in Arc.MS.56, Box 11, Folder 7.

Billhead signed by Adolphus S. Solomon and Philip. The billhead includes a revenue stamp and dates to September 11, 1867. Adolphus S. Solomon was one of the founders of the American Red Cross. The billhead is located in Arc.MS.56, Box 9, Folder 12.

Billhead of Alfred Mendelsohn, located at 249 East 52nd Street, near 2nd Avenue in New York, New York. The billhead is dated October 6, 1881, and bears Mendelsohn's signature. The billhead is categorized as a financial record and mercantile material.

Billhead from Averbach, D. & Sons, located at 334.336 West 39th Street, New York City. The billhead shows that goods were sold to W. Carr in New Hampshire on August 18, 1905. A full picture of the factory is also depicted on the billhead.

Billhead from B. Illfelder located at 60 John Street, New York, New York, dated May 7, 1880. The billhead features an eagle illustration. The description of the archival object comes from the donor's notes.

This record consists of a billhead from the firm Bierman/Heidelberg, located at 616 & 618 Broadway, New York, New York. The date on the billhead is October 13, 1886. The billhead is part of the E collection.

Billhead from Hart & Co., successors to Netherand & Hart, located at 280 West Main Street. The billhead is dated December 8, 1879. The item is part of the O collection, Manuscript Collection 1410, in Box 2, Folder 23.

Billhead of I. Silverberg & Co., located at 210 Harris Street, Savannah, Georgia. The billhead includes a handwritten letter from D.P. Rose, dated March 4, 1898, to an insurance broker regarding payment due on Rose's Savannah house. The letter mentions Owens Ferry. The business is listed in the Savannah City Directory.

Billhead of J.L. Hess, dated May 5, 1892. The billhead lists the address as 300, 302, 304 & 306 Front Street, San Francisco, California. It also features the business name "THE WERTHEIMER CO...IMPORTERS OF TOBACCO & CIGARS". The description notes that there are earlier examples of this billhead.

Billhead of Jos. Manegold & Co., located at 36 & 38 Commerce Street with offices in New York City at 216 Church Street. The billhead notes 'Good Litho,' indicating the printing method. Dated October 31, 1894.

Billhead of Joseph Andrade, importer of ostrich and fancy feathers, dated January 23, 1874. The billhead indicates Andrade's business address as 145 Duane Street, New York, New York, and describes his business as importing "every description of ostrich and fancy feathers, dressed & undressed, and manufacturers of ostrich and fancy feather dusters."

Billhead of Lebenbaum Brothers, located at the corner of Polk and California Streets and 215-217 Sutter Street in San Francisco, California. The billhead is dated September 10, 1888, and includes telephone numbers (2001, with differing numbers of bells for each location). The business was later taken over by Goldberg, Bowen & Co. in 1902. The billhead shows two different printings, indicating a change in location or design within the timeframe.

Billhead from Loeb & Loeb, located at the corner of Dexter and Perry Streets in Montgomery, Alabama. The billhead is dated July 4, 1892, and mentions a factory located at 22nd and 2nd Avenue in New York City.

Billhead from Loewenstein's stationery store located at 352 East Houston Street, New York, New York. The billhead is dated October 3, 1876. The archival object consists of a billhead, a form used for billing customers. This material provides insight into the commercial activities of a stationary store in 19th-century New York.

Billhead from M. Ehrman Wholesale Grocers, dated September 30, 1884. The billhead lists the business address as 104-110 Broad Street, San Francisco, California.

Billhead from N. Reymond & Co., successors to H. Lesinsky & Co., dated February 25, 1884. Martin Lohman is also listed on the billhead. The billhead originates from Las Cruces, New Mexico.

Billhead from Newhouse, Rosenau, successors to J. & S.H. Newhouse and Solomon Gans, located at 409 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Dated October 23, 1875. Features a vignette of a building. Printed by Rea's Rotary Press. The original item is in very good condition, except for missing left side corners.

Billhead of Paul Fuchs located at 197 Avenue B, between 12th and 13th Streets, New York, New York. Dated May 28, 1879. This item is a financial record from the Fuchs business. The billhead indicates a business transaction.

Billhead of S. Oppenheimer located at 537 Wood Street in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The billhead is dated September 30, 1893, and features a vignette of a store with a Wood Street trolley outside. The archival item is part of Collection E, Arc.MS.56, Box 12, Folder 11.

Billhead from Schwabacher Bros. with branches in Seattle, Washington Territory and Boise City, Iowa Territory. The main office was located at 117 Pine Street, San Francisco, California. Ludwig Schwabacher founded the Crown Paper Company. Dated July 30, 1878.

Billhead from Steinhardt, Goldsmith & Co., located at 178 El Dorado Street, San Francisco, California. The billhead is dated November 24, 1883, and identifies the business as "IXL STORE".

Billhead of Strauss & Sachs, Importers and Commission Merchants for Austrian Pearl Buttons, located at 355 & 357 Broadway. Dated September 1, 1893.

Billhead of The N.Y. Paper Box Co., located at 53 Dey Street in New York City. The billhead features an illustration. Dated March 1, 1893. The billhead is from the collection of Judaica Americana.

Billhead from the N.Y. Paper Box Company, dated May 11, 1889. The billhead features a good lithograph of the company seal. The company's address is listed as 53 Dey Street, New York, New York. The billhead is addressed to Hug/Boscowitz.

Billhead from The National Supply Company of Kansas dated June 8, 1908. The billhead lists a long list of items ordered by Cohen for his rig. Two documents are included.

Billhead from Tobias, A. / Tobias, T. in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, dated September 28, 1883. The billhead is part of the archival collection Arc.MS.56, Box 14, Folder 9.

Billhead from 151 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, dated January 19, 1878. The billhead is part of the collection Arc.MS.56, Volume 36, Page 10. The billhead mentions E. D. Messinger.

Billhead from 514 J Street, Sacramento, California. The billhead includes a telephone number (230) and indicates it is a good lithograph. The date is May 19, 1896. This item is part of the Ms. Coll. 1410 collection, housed in Box 8, Folder 56.

Billhead from 793 Broadway, New York City, dated November 29, 1879. The billhead indicates a business located at 793 Broadway between 10th and 11th Streets. This item is part of the Manuscript Collection 1410.

Billhead from B. Altman & Co., located at 18th and 19th Streets and 6th Avenue in New York City. The billhead is dated August 1, 1896.

Billhead from H. Berger at 38 Smithfield Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, advertising a "superior assortment of furniture." Dated May 15, 1872. The billhead features a depiction of furniture. This item is part of the O collection, Manuscript Collection 1410, Box 2, Folder 25.

Billhead from Emanuel located at 509 Montgomery Street, San Francisco. The date is March 5, 1903. The billhead is part of a larger collection of financial records.

Billhead from Hendricks & Hendricks, merchants in New York City, dated August 25, 1862. The billhead features a blue logo (description from donor).

Billhead advertising "Old 100 Fine Corn Whiskey" at $2.75 per gallon, express paid. The advertisement features images of whiskey bottles. Published circa 1900 (inferred from metadata). Location: 516 & 518 Cumberland Street.

Billhead from Meyer, Mish & Co., located at 418 Battery Street, Helena, Montana. Dated July 29, 1898. The billhead is part of a larger collection of financial records. The item includes the names of Edward Ash and S.G. Mish.

Lithographed billhead for "Peddler's Supplies" located at 25 Avenue C, between 2nd and 3rd Streets, New York City. The billhead dates from March 17, 1899. The billhead is part of the Adolph Matzke Collection.

Billhead from Reid, Hyman Steel Oatmeal in Parker, Dakota, dated November 7, 1884. The description also mentions "The Jews in the California Gold Rush by Levinson."

Two billheads from Albert Steinfeld & Co., circa 1900. The billheads were made out to the Twin Buttes Railroad Company. One billhead mentions a nephew of Louis Zeckendorf, an Arizona pioneer, who eventually bought out Steinfeld. The billheads are part of a larger collection of financial records.

Collection of billheads from A. Falk and William Meyer, located at 365 & 367 Broadway St., corner of Franklin St., New York, NY. Also mentions a factory in St. Gaul, Switzerland. Dated April 18, 1892.

Brass button with embossed advertisement for Enterprise Clothing. Circa 1885. Found in archival collection Arc.MS.56, Objects Box 2.

This broadside from M. G. Cohn & Co., a jobber of produce, fruits, and cigars in Butte, Montana, lists current prices for various goods. The document, dated July 15, 1889, details prices for green fruits (e.g., California peaches, apricots, plums, grapes), vegetables (e.g., cabbage, potatoes, tomatoes), butter, eggs, and miscellaneous items including cigars. It serves as an advertisement for their current stock and pricing. Visually, the broadside features bold, ornate Victorian-style lettering for the company name and main offerings. It includes a decorative vertical border on both sides stating "HEADQUARTERS FOR CALIFORNIA FRUITS." 3.

This item is a "PRICE CURRENT" broadside from Wiesenfeld, Stern & Co., successors of Odom, Clements & Co., Cotton Factors and General Commission Merchants, located at 87 Smith's Wharf in Baltimore, Maryland, dated January 16, 1869. The document lists prices for a wide range of goods and commodities, including beeswax, beans, cotton (with different grades like Upland, Middling, and Good Middling), dried fruit (apples, peaches, cherries), fertilizers, fish, flour, flaxseed, hides, greenbacks, lumbar, naval stores, peaches, pitch, rags, rice, seed, shingles, and tobacco. It also includes a "COTTON REPORT" table detailing stock and sales in various ports. The verso of the broadside is addressed by hand to James Sears in Gatesville, North Carolina. The typography is functional and characteristic of a commercial price list from the period.

Advertisement for the Wolbach Brothers, Dry Goods, Notions; Hastings, NE

Business card for Glanz & Hoffmann, a fur warehouse located at 124 Fifth Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. The card dates from circa 1885.

1.

Civil War store token issued by L. Schneider, located at 557 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, Ohio. The token features an Indian head on the front and the address on the back. The date is estimated to be 1863. Further research is needed to determine more specific information about the token's history and its exact production date. The token is found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS Box 4, Pouch 4.

Circa 1885 die-cut trade card depicting a cat in a shoe. The interior features advertisements for dresses with prices listed. Found in Arc.MS.56, Volume 19, Page 34.

Die-cut trade card depicting an egg cup with a chick emerging from the egg. The card features the name "CIVES, POMEROY & STEWART" and the address "606, 608, 610, 612 PENN STREET." The card is circa 1885. The card is from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Die-cut trade card depicting a horseshoe. The card indicates addresses at 43 and 45 Fulton Street. The card is circa 1885. Found in Arc.MS.56, Volume 25, Page 11.

Circa 1885 die-cut trade card depicting a hot air balloon, a girl with a dog, and a full advertisement for a business located on Market Street. The card is part of Volume 40, Page 4, of archival collection Arc.MS.56. The advertisement suggests a mercantile context.

Newspaper clipping from Dunlap's American Daily Advertiser, March 19, 1791, featuring advertisements by Isaac Franks and Solomon Lyons. Franks' advertisement was located at No. 32 on the south side of Market Street between Front and 2nd Streets in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Lyons' advertisement was at No. 109 on the north side of Race Street, near the sign of the Rainbow, also in Philadelphia. The clipping also mentions Pragers.

An envelope from Tillmann & Bendel, Wholesale Grocers, in San Francisco, California, dated March 19, 1885. The envelope is addressed to J. H. Doxsee & Son in Islip, Long Island (L.I.). The verso of the envelope features a detailed blue lithographic illustration of the Tillmann & Bendel building, showcasing its multi-story architecture and a street scene with horses and carriages. The business name "TILLMANN & BENDEL." and "WHOLESALE GROCERS" are prominently displayed in ornate text above the illustration, with a decorative border around the image. Multiple addresses for the business are listed below the illustration: 313 to 327 Battery St., 401 to 407 Clay Street, and 400 to 408 Commercial St. The recto of the envelope bears a San Francisco postmark dated "MAR 19 8 PM 85" and a red 2-cent U.S. postage stamp featuring a profile portrait.

Envelope addressed to George Bamberger at 280 Broadway, sent from T. C. Millard & Co., a hat manufacturing company in Danbury, Connecticut, on January 21, 1889. The envelope is part of the E collection at the University of Pennsylvania.

Envelope addressed to C. P. Poppenheim in Charleston, South Carolina, from Hermann Boker & Co. The envelope is dated August 23, 1893. It's part of the O Collection, located in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 25.

Envelope containing advertising materials for Schaffer / Budenberg. The envelope indicates a business location at Bedford & Canton Streets, Brooklyn, New York, and is dated 1893. The envelope is part of a larger collection of Judaica Americana.

Yellow envelope addressed to H. Reiffen at 120 Canal Street, New York, New York. The envelope postmarks indicate a date of December 27, 1894. The envelope is part of the Ms. Coll. 1410 collection.

This letter, dated May 16, 1882, is from Banner Brothers, Importers & Manufacturers of Fine Clothing & Furnishing Goods, located in San Francisco, California, with a branch in New York City. It is addressed to Greenhood, Bohm & Co. in Helena, Montana, and concerns an order given to their salesman, Mr. Solomon, noting an expectation for a large future order. The letterhead features an elaborate, ornate Victorian-style design with decorative typography for the business name, an initial 'B' logo, and detailed addresses. 3.

This handwritten letter from Alexander Levinsky of Oglethorpe, Georgia, to Carhart & Roff in Macon, Georgia, dated September 16, 1854, concerns a previous order. Levinsky encloses a twenty-dollar bill and explains that a barrel of 'Dule Sugar' arrived spoiled, requesting credit for it. He then places a new order for '6 oz Clarkhome', '1/2 oz Houghten bitters', '1/2 peppermint sauce', and '6 quarter boxes sardines'. The letter also mentions an intention to send money for a future larger order for 'Courtweek'. The body of the letter is in a different hand than the signature of Alexander Levinsky. The document shows signs of age, including discoloration and stains. 3.

A handwritten letter from Alexander Levinsky of Oglethorpe, Georgia, to Carhart & Roff in Macon, Georgia, dated September 23, 1854. The letter concerns an incorrect order where pepper sauce was sent instead of peppermint, which Levinsky had intended for his bar. He notes that he will keep the pepper sauce as he can dispose of it to the hotel, and requests that one dozen peppermint be sent. The body of the letter is in a different hand than the signature of Alexander Levinsky. A postscript mentions, "You can send it by the bearer of this Boy Mortimer belonging to Col Osborn," indicating the use of an enslaved individual for delivery. The back of the letter is addressed to "Mefs Carhart & Roff Macon Ga" and also notes "by Boy Mortimer."

A letter from Code, Elfelt & Co., manufacturers of jellies, jams, preserves, pickles, ketchups, sauces, and canned fruits and vegetables, located at 344 Washington Street, San Francisco. Dated April 5, 1879, the letter is addressed to S. R. Buford & Co. in Virginia City, Montana. It acknowledges an order from S. R. Buford & Co., states that an invoice is enclosed, and informs the recipient of a promising large and choice crop of fruits that will enable them to offer a full assortment of products. The letter features a printed letterhead with the company name, product list, and address, written in an ornate Victorian-style font, and the body of the letter is handwritten in a cursive script. 3.

This letter, dated June 9, 1887, from Curry Marks, an agent, to Gish & Co. in Lynchburg, Virginia, discusses a business trip. Writing on the ornate letterhead of D. Abraham, a wholesale and retail dealer of crockery, Haviland's French china, glassware, and plated ware, Marks explains that he is in Montgomery, Alabama, but finds it "useless for me to be on the road this month" due to inactive saw mills, which means the mills are not in need of goods. He expresses readiness to travel next month if Gish & Co. approves. The letterhead features decorative Victorian-style lettering for the business name, along with a detailed listing of the products sold and the street address.

A handwritten letter from D.C. Seixas in Charleston, SC, to C.P. Relf & Co. in Philadelphia, PA, dated October 31, 1846. The letter discusses the consignment and sale of 27 bales of upland cotton, requesting C.P. Relf & Co. to dispose of the lot if a profit of $1.00 per bale can be achieved. It also mentions a previous draft of $800 and the need for insurance for $1850. The second page details the charges associated with the cotton shipment, including wharfage, drayage, storage, cooperage, and commissions, totaling $112.84 against a cotton value of $1011.01. The document is a stampless letter, folded for mailing, with visible "Wilmington & Raleigh Railroad" and "10" postmarks/stamps on the exterior. The text is in neat cursive handwriting.

A handwritten letter from Francis Bourdillon in Saint-Pierre, Martinique, dated October 27, 1857, to Messieurs Charles Delvaille and A. Attias in Paris. The letter responds to an order for cacao, discussing delays in receiving certain goods and the current unavailability of cacao due to shipping issues. The document features standard handwritten script and creases from being folded for mailing, with visible postmarks on the reverse. 3.

A handwritten letter from Benjamin Gratz to his brother, Simon Gratz, dated August 10, 1812, from Fredericksburg, Virginia. The letter discusses business matters, including information Benjamin gathered regarding public monies and stock value, and details a meeting with Mr. Brooke in Norfolk. Benjamin indicates he will be returning to Philadelphia via steamer. The letter includes an integral blank and an autograph address panel on the verso, along with a red wax seal. **3.

This handwritten letter, dated May 23, 1840, is from George Knight in Havana, Cuba, addressed to B. L. Fould and Fould Oppenheim, likely in Paris, France. The letter discusses the full liquidation of Knight's American Commission Company due to financial overextension and bad debts, possibly related to the Panic of 1837. Knight assures Fould that he will not lose his investment, claiming over a million dollars in assets. The document details that three Cuban individuals—Gonzalo Alphonso, Luis de Mariategui, and Nicholas Dominguez—are taking over the company's affairs, and their signatures, along with J.S. Morrison, appear on the document. The liquidation process is overseen by Baring Brothers. The item is a multi-page handwritten letter in English, featuring several signatures and postmark details on the verso.

A letter from Goodman & Myers, wholesale tobacco and cigars based in Savannah, GA, dated January 4, 1879, to Mr. Chas Litschgi in Charleston, SC. The letter acknowledges receipt of a valued favor of $3 and mentions enclosing something for collection. The letterhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for 'Goodman & Myers Wholesale Tobacco & Cigars' with an illustration of a factory or building, and lists addresses for their tobacco factory in Richmond, VA, and cigar factory in New York. The accompanying decorated envelope also features the company's branding and addresses. **3.

A two-page handwritten letter from Greenhood, Bohm & Co., a wholesale and retail clothier, addressed to partner Ike (Isaac Greenhood) in Virginia City, Montana Territory. The letter discusses various business matters, including an illness that prevented the writer from attending to business, the potential future location of a new store based on railroad development, current retail business profits, and cigar sales. The writer notes that the business has made over $5000 this year. The letterhead features the business name "GREENHOOD, BOHM & CO." in an ornate, period-typical font, with listed addresses in Helena, Montana; 215 Sansome St., San Francisco, Cal.; and 152 Chambers St., New York.

A letter from Hirsh & Brother, manufacturers of umbrellas and parasols, located in Philadelphia, PA, to S. Marks & Co. in Roseburg, OR, dated May 2, 1887. The letter discusses business matters, specifically mentioning "goods for the office." The letterhead features a detailed lithograph of the Hirsh & Brother factory building at 1309-1317 Market St., highlighting 7 acres of floor space devoted to manufacturing umbrellas and parasols. The business name "Hirsh & Brother" is presented with ornate Victorian-style lettering. 3.

A letter from I. Glazier & Co. to Carson City Savings Bank, dated May 24, 1877, concerning financial transactions. The letter mentions enclosing $50 for Eureka S.P. interests, a receipt for 5 dollars $2.50, and details about a Belmont assessment. The letterhead features ornate Victorian-style cursive lettering for "Office of I. Glazier & Co." and "412 California St. San Francisco". The body of the letter is also handwritten in cursive. 3.

Handwritten letter from Judah Touro in New Orleans to Christopher G. Champlin in Newport, Rhode Island, dated October 12, 1822. The letter discusses various financial matters, including an account current related to the ship "Ocean," a bill owed by Shepherd & Benton for $132.50, and a draft on account of Mr. Robinson for $430. Touro also mentions an "Epidemic" affecting business and expresses concern over an unreceived payment for a sale of "Pron" to Danl McGrant. The letter's verso features an autograph address panel with postal markings. 3.

Handwritten letter from Julius Basinski of Miles City, MT, to Henry Elling in Virginia City, MT, dated July 7, 1881. The letter discusses financial and legal matters, specifically concerning a bond/warrant issue where a person named Harding refuses to furnish warrants with bonds unless certain conditions are met, involving a sum of $2,499.66 and an additional exchange charge. The letter is written in an ornate, calligraphic script on lined paper. 3.

Letter from Julius Cohn, manufacturer of varnishes and japans, located at No. 207 Pearl Street, New York. Dated June 24, 1875, the letter is addressed to Messrs. A. B. Crain & Son of Monticello, NY. It acknowledges receipt of a draft for $23.65, which fully pays a bill from June 14, and expresses the hope for continued orders. The letterhead features an ornate, shaded typeface for "Julius Cohn" with decorative flourishes and a graphic element, while the main body of the letter is handwritten in a cursive script. 3.

A letter from Levy & Spiegl, General Commission Merchants in Portland, Oregon, dated February 10, 1888, addressed to Jackson Dunn & Co. in Helena, Montana. The letter provides quotes for various produce, specifically apples at $1.00 to $1.25 and $1.25 to $1.50 per barrel, mentioning that the barrel apples were packed the previous fall. It also lists prices for Washington and Riverdale Navel oranges ($5.00), Riverdale Seedling oranges ($3.50), Los Angeles Seedling oranges ($3.50), and quotes 'Choice Sicily lemons' at $6.00. The letterhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name "LEVY & SPIEGL General Commission Merchants," along with an arrow motif. 3.

A letter from M. Stern, a dealer in Staple & Fancy Dry Goods, Clothing & Carpets in Marengo, Iowa, dated October 10, 1888, addressed to the Amana Society. The letter requests the shipment of "3 pieces Print.Co." by express. The document also contains handwritten numerical calculations. The letterhead features engraved typography for the business name, along with decorative lines and small ornamental designs typical of late 19th-century commercial stationery.

A letter from Michael Gratz in Philadelphia, dated January 23, 1795, to his son Simon Gratz concerning various business matters. The correspondence mentions a transaction for which Judge George Wallace of Pittsburgh has agreed to pay in cash. The item consists of two pages, featuring an autograph address panel. The top line is torn, resulting in some loss of text. The letter highlights the extensive mercantile activities and financial dealings of Michael Gratz.

This handwritten letter, dated June 11, 1849, is from P. Selling in Macon, Mississippi, to M. B. Cohen in Mobile, Alabama. The letter discusses financial matters, specifically mentioning a sum of $100 to be directed to Dorchester and placed to P. Selling's credit, requesting information via 'arnoch'. It also notes that John Selling departed New York on May 21st for California aboard the Steamer Crescent City, heading towards Chagres and Panama. The reverse side features the address to M. B. Cohen and a clear 'MACON MS' postal cancellation mark. **3.

A letter from Rosenheim & Brother, merchants in New York, New York, addressed to Luther Boardman, a pewter manufacturer in East Haddam, Connecticut, dated June 19, 1858. The letter requests a current price list and sample card for tea and table spoons. The item features handwritten text in ink on lined paper and measures 7 by 8.75 inches. **3.

This letter, dated October 10, 1888, is from S. & B. Katz, dealers in Dry Goods, Clothing, Furnishing Goods, Hats, Caps, Boots and Shoes, located in Osage, Iowa. It is addressed to the Amana Society in Homestead, Iowa, and encloses $101.39 as payment for purchases made in September and October 1888, after a discount. The letterhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and product categories. 3.

This letter, dated October 1, 1887, is from Curry Marks, an agent for S. Loeb, a dealer in Dry Goods and Groceries located at Arnold's Corner in Montgomery, Alabama, and is addressed to Messrs. R. E. Gish & Co. in Lynchburg, Virginia. The letter discusses business matters, including a returned freight shipment from Dadeville, an unsuccessful attempt to meet Mr. Robinson, and confirmation that Mr. Ward has received his goods. Marks also addresses an incorrect charge for a box of cigars, explaining that it was provided to Sam Rice as a sample with the understanding of a larger order, and requests credit for it. The letter is written on a pre-printed billhead for S. Loeb, featuring the business name in ornate Victorian-style lettering and identifying the business as a "DEALER IN DRY GOODS AND GROCERIES" at "ARNOLD'S CORNER."

A handwritten letter dated April 30, 1881, from S. Marks in Canyonville, Oregon, addressed to D. William. The letter accepts D. William's offer to purchase 25,000 lbs of flour at a price of $14.50 per thousand pounds, stating that shipment may begin the next day. The letter is written in cursive on lined paper. The accompanying tan envelope, postmarked Canyonville, Oregon, May 1, 1881, is addressed to Messrs. S. Marks & Co. in Roseburg, Oregon. It features a 3-cent George Washington postage stamp. **3.

This is a handwritten letter dated February 9, 1871, from S. Marks in Roseburg, Oregon, to R. Cohen in San Francisco, California. The letter reminds Cohen of an outstanding debt ("bill of bee 22 feet") and asks for a reply. It also seeks Cohen's opinion and potential involvement regarding the Oregon City Manufacturing Company's interest in establishing an agency for the purchase of wool "spring clips." S. Marks requests Cohen's views on the proposal and asks him to keep the discussion private. The letter is written in cursive on lined paper. **3.

This is a handwritten letter in German from an illegible sender in Stockton, California, dated July 5, 1858, addressed to Adolph Sutro in San Francisco, California. The letter, mailed via Adams Express on July 7, 1858, appears to be an order for a gross of matches and other general merchandise items. The item features legible cursive handwriting on aged paper, showing signs of wear, staining, and fold marks consistent with historical correspondence. The verso (second image) shows an Adams Express stamp, a circular postal mark, and the handwritten address of the recipient.

This letter, dated May 12, 1890, from Triest & Co. in San Francisco to S. Marks & Co. in Roseburg, Oregon, addresses an incorrect order. Triest & Co., manufacturers and wholesale dealers in hats and caps, acknowledges an error in selecting goods, specifically mentioning lot 56by and lot 66by, and offers to correct the issue by sending a credit bill or allowing a return. The letter features a decorative letterhead for Triest & Co., including an illustration of hats and caps and ornate Victorian-style script. **3.

This handwritten letter, dated September 26, 1880, originates from an unidentified sender in Ulidia, Montana Territory, and is addressed to N. Kleinschmidt, a grocer in Helena, Montana Territory. The correspondence discusses various business matters, including an offer to sell lambs, inquiries about lumber prices, and details regarding railroad rates. The document is handwritten in script on lined paper, typical of personal and business correspondence from the late 19th century.

A letter written by Oberndorf & Ullman from Selma, Alabama on July 5, 1870. The letter's content is unknown. The letter is part of the collection Arc.MS.56, Box 11, Folder 6.

Lithograph of a leaf sent in correspondence to Germany. The correspondence includes the name H.N. Oettinger and address 103 Water Street. The item dates to January 1, 1898, and is part of a larger collection of mercantile materials. The envelope contains a letter addressed to A. Blumlien in Germany.

Trade card depicting the New Jersey Clothing Hall. The image is described as a picture of clothes. The date is estimated as January 1, 1870. The card is found in Arc.MS.56, Volume 2, Page 55.

Newspaper clipping from the *Federal Gazette and Baltimore Daily Advertiser*, published in Baltimore, Maryland on June 30, 1817. The clipping features an advertisement by J. I. Cohen related to lotteries. The clipping is part of the 'E' volume from archival collection Arc.MS.56, page 28.

A printed pamphlet titled "Charleston Business Cards" serving as a directory of various businesses operating in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1854. It lists numerous businesses with their names, industries, and addresses, including wholesale shoe dealers, booksellers and stationers, importers and wholesale dealers in dry goods and clothing, carriage factories, wholesale and retail grocers, dealers in drugs and fancy goods, drapers and tailors, manufacturing stationers, agents for steamship lines, importers and wholesale dealers in German, French, and English goods, rubber goods dealers, importers and wholesale dealers in lead, paints, oils, and window glass, brokers and auction agents, manufacturers of carriages and buggies, daguerrean artists, direct importers of hardware, cutlery, and guns, importers of foreign books, stationery, and works of art, retail apothecaries and druggists, and manufacturers and dealers in hats and caps. Specific highlighted entries include the "Carolina Clothing Depot" (with A. N. Cohen, Jr. as Proprietor and L. L. Levy as Superintendent), the "Southern Clothing Emporium" (operated by D. J. & J. Levy), "James E. Spear" (dealing in Fine Watches, Jewelry, Silver Ware, and Fancy Goods), and the "Charleston Hat Manufactory" (managed by R. Hawley), which explicitly notes its establishment date as Jan. 1, 1854. The pamphlet features a simple, text-heavy layout typical of business directories of the period, printed on aged paper with basic typography. No elaborate graphical elements or logos are visible.

A round, half-ball shaped paperweight with the inscription "ROTHCHILD & BRO...IMPORTER OF SUMATRA HAVANA CIGARS...PACKERS; OF SEED LEAF...DETROIT, MICH." The paperweight dates from circa the 1890s. It is located in the Archives, Manuscript Collection 56, Objects Box 1.

Newspaper clipping from the *Pennsylvania Packet*, published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on December 18, 1781. The clipping features a two-inch long advertisement by Haym Salomon and a two-and-a-half-inch long advertisement by Jonas Phillips. The clipping also contains war news.

A sepia-toned carte-de-visite (CDV) photograph depicts a Cooper and Levy delivery cart, pulled by two horses, with a man standing beside it. The cart is visibly labeled "COOPER AND LEVY" and "104 & 106 First Ave Seattle." The reverse side of the photograph features the imprint of the photographer, "J. C. JUDKINS, PHOTOGRAPHER," indicating their location at "Concord and University Sts., Seattle - Wash." The image captures a moment in late 19th-century urban commerce, showcasing a common mode of delivery for a mercantile business.

A mounted photograph depicting the Hotel Milton building in Milton, Massachusetts, circa 1890. The multi-story building features several balconies and dormer windows, indicating a commercial and lodging establishment. Signs visible on the building identify it as the Hotel Milton and also indicate the presence of Cohen Brothers (Morris), Practical Merchant Tailors, with their storefront visible on the ground floor to the left. The photograph has a sepia tone, typical of the late 19th century, and is mounted on a card. 3.

A black and white photograph depicting the exterior of Sol. Hilp's general store in Taylor, Nevada, taken in 1886. The wooden storefront has a sign above the entrance that reads "SOL. HILP." Several men are gathered on and around the porch, some standing and some seated on a wagon pulled by a horse. The wagon and horse are positioned directly in front of the store. The setting appears to be a rustic mining town, with hills visible in the background. This item is a circa 1950 copy of the original 1886 photograph.

Record of entry of cloth into Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from Paris, France on May 29, 1878. Shipped from Loeb Feres in Paris to Loeb Brothers, 57 North 3rd Street, Philadelphia. The document is signed by M. Loeb in Philadelphia.

Brass token issued by the Past Time Club of Snohomish, Washington. The obverse reads "PAST TIME CLUB..REDICK & LEVY..SNOHOMISH, WASHINGTON." The reverse reads "GOOD FOR 5 C IN TRADE." Dated circa 1895.

This is a post-Civil War token issued by Morris A. Abraham in Silver City, New Mexico. The front of the token reads "Morris A. Abraham...Silver City, New Mexico," and the reverse reads "GOOD FOR 12 1/2 C IN TRADE." The token dates to January 1, 1895.

A postcard from S. Guckenheimer & Son of Savannah, Ga., dated February 10, 1885, sent to E. E. Foy & Co. in Rocky Ford, Ga. The postcard notifies E. E. Foy & Co. that their account has been charged $1.89 for freight on goods invoiced January 3. The card features a pre-printed "POSTAL CARD" banner, a 1-cent U.S. postage stamp with a Native American head profile, and a Savannah, GA postmark.

Broadside printed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1846. The broadside is a letter from L. J. Levy announcing a new department at his business located at 134 Chestnut Street.

A handwritten receipt dated December 6, 1756, issued by Isaac Gomez, acknowledging receipt from Jacob Turke of an order on Mr. Law. Reads for Twenty Pounds. This amount, when paid, will constitute full payment for the account of Conradt Elmendorf. The document is handwritten in an ornate script on aged, folded paper, typical of 18th-century documents. 3.

A handwritten receipt documenting the payment of Four Hundred and Sixty Four pounds, twelve shillings for molasses by Joseph Cozzens. The item features handwritten text in a cursive style on aged paper. 3.

This handwritten receipt documents a transaction between Robert Stevens & Co. and Jacob Rodriguez, Rivera & Co., dated May 12, 1755, in Newport, Rhode Island. The transaction details the sale of 19 boxes of spermaceti candles and additional boxes and paper. The total weight of the candles is recorded as 796 lbs, with 200 lbs deducted, leaving a net weight of 596 lbs. The cost for the candles is listed as £596.10, and for the boxes and paper as £12.7, totaling £608.17. The document features clear, legible 18th-century script and contains detailed handwritten calculations.

Manuscript receipt documenting a purchase of $184.50 worth of alpaca by T. G. Simms, a grocer in Atlanta, Georgia, from E. Einstein on November 18, 1863. E. Einstein served as President of Beth El Synagogue in Macon, Georgia, at the time of its chartering in 1859.

Pencil-written receipt dated September 1, 1884, from San Francisco, California. The receipt indicates payment to M.S. Cohen for 63 1/2 cattle sold at 50 cents per head, totaling $31.75. The receipt is signed by Gottleib Reichensetter and subsequently by Cohen.

Receipt or invoice for furnishing goods, including a large hat, issued to Rev. C.M. May on January 1, 1863. The document is part of the Ms. Coll. 1410 collection.

This archival object is a return envelope from the G. Cohn Company, located at 206-208 Battery Street in San Francisco, California. The envelope dates from 1890. The envelope's return address is prominently displayed.

Newspaper advertisement clipping from the San Francisco Daily Herald, dated December 22, 1853. The clipping features advertisements for Joshua Norton, Loewy & Baronn Co., J.S. Polack, A.H. Myers, Friedlander, and Israel Woolf. Published in San Francisco, California.

A set of six trade cards depicting various snow scenes. The cards were produced by I.H. Brounstein, located at 13 & 15 North Salina Street, Syracuse, New York, circa 1885. The cards are part of the collection housed in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 17.

Port of Entry - NUMEROUS STATIONARY ITEMS; SHIPPED TO PHILADELPHIA, PA. FROM LIVERPOOLE; A NOTABLE IN THE JEWISH COMMUNITY..FATHER OF MARY COHEN; ASD BY BOTH; Henry Cohen immigrated from England to Philadelphia in 1837 and quickly established a highly successful business career. Shortly after his arrival, he founded a high-end wholesale stationery enterprise that specialized in envelope manufacturing and foreign imports. During the 1850s and 1860s, the commercial headquarters for this flourishing operation were located at 42 Market Street. Under Philadelphia's older grid numbering system, this specific location later shifted to what is known today as the 500 block of Market Street. When the American Civil War broke out in the 1860s, Cohen's business experienced significant growth. He chose to use his newly acquired wealth to fiercely back the Union cause. As part of these patriotic efforts, he became an early member of Philadelphia's historic Union League. Through this organization, he provided massive financial subscriptions to help fund and equip the Union military.Beyond his commercial success, Henry Cohen and his wife, Matilda, were pillar figures in the early American Jewish community. According to 19th-century historical records—including Henry Samuel Morais' landmark 1894 volume The Jews of Philadelphia—the family maintained a deep commitment to Jewish communal life. They were lifelong, deeply involved members of Kahal Kadosh Mikveh Israel, one of the oldest and most historic synagogues in the United States, where Henry routinely contributed leadership, resources, and financial support. The Cohens also maintained an elite social and philanthropic partnership with Rebecca Gratz, the famous Jewish-American educator who founded the first Hebrew Sunday School in America. Matilda Cohen was an intimate friend of Gratz and served as her primary co-worker across multiple local Jewish charity organizations. This philanthropic drive extended into the Civil War when Philadelphia hosted the Great Central Fair for the Sanitary Commission. Henry funded and Matilda led the Women's Branch of the Sanitary Fair Committee, where she spearheaded efforts for Pennsylvania’s Jewish women to organize mass sewing circles that crafted essential clothes and blankets for Union soldiers. In addition to wartime relief, historical records show that Henry Cohen acted as a primary benefactor and financial adviser to the early Philadelphia Jewish Foster Home and Orphan Asylum. His leadership helped establish a vital social safety net for arriving Jewish immigrants and orphaned children. Toward the end of his life, Cohen continued his civic dedication by acting as a chief promoter for the 1876 Philadelphia Centennial Exposition. His wife served as a highly decorated organizer for the event, ensuring that the civic, cultural, and charitable contributions of the Jewish community were prominently represented on a global stage

This handwritten statement of account, likely issued by Samuel Vernon to Moses Levy, details financial transactions and balances related to Levy's 1/4 ownership of the Sloop Mollye. The document lists charges for "cargo & Outreit to Madera" amounting to £764.19.4 1/2, with an additional £5.19.2 1/2 due, totaling £770.18.7. On the credit side, it notes "By your acctt supplys to ye Sloop" for £745.10.9, "By Hughs Bill" for £12.2.6, and "Cash p. S. Vernon" for £13.5.4, also totaling £770.18.7, indicating a balanced account. A separate note near the bottom mentions "J. N. Hart for Weaving." The manuscript features clear, ornate handwritten script and organized columns of figures typical of mercantile records from the mid-18th century. This document is part of a series related to the Sloop Mollye, a vessel involved in the slave trade. 3.

This document is a statement of account from Sideman, Lachman & Co., manufacturers of cigars, located in San Francisco, California, dated December 15, 1882. It is addressed to Messrs. Lackey & Thos. Bozeman. The statement details a balance and merchandise rendered as of June 1, amounting to $13.64. The billhead features ornate Victorian-style script for the business name and 'STATEMENT.', along with ruled pink lines typical of ledger or account forms from the period. 3.

This stereoscopic photograph captures a bustling street scene on Lemon Street in Palatka, Florida, around 1880. The view depicts a row of commercial buildings, with people gathered on the sidewalks and horse-drawn carriages on the unpaved street. A sign for "Lilienthal Bros." is visible among the businesses, suggesting their presence in the scene. The image provides a glimpse into the mercantile activity and urban development of Palatka during the late 19th century. The photograph is mounted on an orange stereoscopic card, typical of the period, designed to be viewed through a stereoscope for a three-dimensional effect. The verso is stamped "Oakland Public Library" and has handwritten notes identifying the location as "PALATKA FLA, LEMON ST."

This stereoscopic photograph (stereoview) provides an elevated view of the Brooklyn Bridge and the urban landscape of Brooklyn, New York, circa 1885. Visible in the foreground are buildings featuring prominent signage for "The Brooklyn Union" and "Rosenberg Clothing." The yellow border of the stereocard is branded with "S&L SERIES" vertically on the left and "AMERICAN VIEWS" vertically on the right. 3.

This stereoscopic photograph, created by the Keystone View Company, depicts a bustling scene outside two frontier-style establishments in Sheep Camp, Alaska, during the late 19th-century Gold Rush era. The image shows the "Seattle Hotel" and "T. Lubelski General Merchandise," which appear to be combined mercantile and lodging facilities. Numerous individuals, likely gold seekers or "argonaughts," are gathered around the stores, some with bundles and supplies, suggesting active trade and preparation for travel. Goods are displayed openly outside the stores. The stereoview card features an orange border with the publisher's name, "Keystone View Company," on the left side, and copyright information "Copyright 1898 by B. L. Singley" along with "Meadville, Pa. St. Louis, Mo." on the right side. The reverse side of the card includes an informational description titled "(26)" by John P. Clum, U. S. P. O. Inspector and Lecturer, noting that in Sheep Camp's early days, establishments often combined general merchandising, drug store, restaurant, and lodging, with goods displayed openly due to the trust placed in dealers by the gold seekers. This description is copyrighted 1900 by B. L. Singley. **3.

A stereoscopic photograph by Webster & Albee depicting the aftermath of the Johnstown Flood on May 31, 1889. The image shows a devastated street scene, identified as Main Street from Clinton in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, with debris-strewn ground and severely damaged buildings. Several individuals are visible amidst the rubble, observing the destruction. One prominent storefront, still partially intact, appears to belong to "Cohen & Marx," a clothier. The stereoview card features a yellow border with text identifying "Webster & Albee, Publishers, Rochester, N. Y." on the left, and "Views of Johnstown, Pa." on the right. A caption at the bottom reads "Johnstown and Conemaugh Valley, Pa., Disaster. May 31, 1889." The verso of the card includes the number "#1033." 3.

Stereoscopic photograph depicting Julius Meyer posing with three Indian chiefs: Iron Bull, Pawnee Killer, and Spotted Tail. The reverse of the image features Meyer's advertisement as a curio dealer and interpreter. This photograph, dating from circa 1870, showcases Meyer's use of images of himself with Native Americans to promote his business and highlight his expertise in interpreting for various tribes. Meyer, born in Bromberg, Prussia on March 30, 1839, emigrated to Nebraska in 1867. He is said to have been captured by the Sioux during a buffalo hunt and lived with them for several years. Fluent in six Indian languages, he was known as "Curley-Headed White Chief with One Tongue" for his honesty. He served as an Indian interpreter to Congress and as an Indian agent, and operated a curio shop on Farnham Street called "The Indian Wigwam."

This stereoscopic photograph depicts the storefront of the Brockman-Lowe Drug Co. in Columbia County, Washington, circa 1890s. The image shows several men standing outside the business, which features large display windows and awnings. The photograph captures a street scene typical of the late 19th century, with architectural details of commercial buildings. 3.

Three rare buckle discs from suppliers of goods during the California Gold Rush. One disc is from M. Cohen and Brother, San Francisco, CA; another from Taussig, Pollack and Company, San Francisco; and the third from Pollack Brothers, New York. Each buckle includes its original belt keeper. Circa 1855.

This trade card advertises A. Hollander & Co., Clothiers and Merchant Tailors, specializing in fine custom work at 82 to 88 Asylum St., Hartford, Conn. The card features a colorful, comical illustration of two men by a river, one falling into the water while the other struggles with a large fish. A fishing rod, hat, and picnic basket are visible in the scene. 3.

This trade card advertises B. W. Levy, a Philadelphia business specializing in fine furnishing goods for men, with a particular emphasis on umbrellas. The card features a colorful illustration of blue flowers, possibly forget-me-nots or blue bells, with a bee or insect near them. The business is located at 2120 Callowhill Street, Philadelphia. 3.

This trade card for the Bay State Clothing House in Minneapolis, Minnesota, circa 1885, features an advertisement for the clothing store located at 220 Hennepin Ave. The card's front design includes a large, snarling dog confronting a racist depiction of an Asian man, who exclaims, "OH, NO! NO! PLEASE" while the dog's speech bubble reads, "NO BITEE ME ME NO EATEE, BOW WOW PIE." The card utilizes ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and address. 3.

This trade card features an engraved portrait of John Hancock on the front, with the name "Hancock" printed below and "Bufford Boston" in the bottom right corner, indicating the publisher or printer. The reverse side presents a "Directory of Reliable Business Men on Fulton Street, BROOKLYN," listing various businesses, their industries, and street numbers. Businesses include a one-price clothier, cigar store, hotel and restaurant, saddle & harness maker, hatter, fashionable boot & shoe maker, fine groceries, photographer, dyeing establishment, dry goods store, central tea company, butter/cheese/egg supplier, fruit/wine/liquor store, music store, furniture store, bakery, butcher, fancy goods store, gent's furnishing goods store, and sporting goods store. The card serves as an advertisement and business reference, typical of late 19th-century mercantile practices.

An advertisement for Greenhood & Bohm, cigar manufacturers located at 83 Walker St., New York, circa 1890. The card promotes their "Reliable" Cigars, offering a "handsome 8-day clock," which retailed at $20.00, as a bonus with the purchase of one thousand cigars for $35.00. The item features a large illustration of an ornate mantle clock with a figure seated on top, reading, and utilizes decorative Victorian-style lettering, all printed in purple ink. 3.

This item is a folded trade card for H. Roman & Co., advertising the opening of their new business, The Model Clothing House, located at 101 & 103 Montgomery Street, corner of Sutter Street, San Francisco, California, in September 1886. The advertisement announces a large and varied stock of men's, youths', boys', and children's clothing, as well as a complete assortment of furnishing goods including underwear, shirts, neckties, and hats. H. Roman & Co. emphasizes their "ONE PRICE PRINCIPLE" with prices marked in plain figures, and a commitment to offering "BETTER CLOTHING AT LOWER PRICES" with a motto of "THE BEST POSSIBLE GOODS, For the Least Possible Prices." The card features two ornate lithographic illustrations: one side depicts irises and cattails surrounding a framed scene of a pond with a house in the background; the other side shows dandelions with a framed scene of a rural road and a house. The interior text is presented in various elegant serif and script fonts typical of the late 19th century.

This colorful trade card advertises H. Roman, a manufacturer and importer of fine clothing and furnishing goods, located at 38 & 40 Kearny Street, S. E. Cor. Post, San Francisco. The card features a chromolithographic illustration depicting three children in period clothing: two standing, and one peering over a wooden fence, adjacent to a large sign displaying the business name and address. The decorative imagery and ornate text are characteristic of late 19th-century advertising materials.

This is a trade card for the Hartford One Price Clothing Co., located at 114 & 116 Asylum Street, Hartford, Connecticut. The card features a decorative illustration of a child wearing a hat and coat, seated and holding a whip, next to a large, stylized paper horse. The imagery is rendered in a limited color palette of red-orange and gold-green, typical of late 19th-century commercial printing. The business name and address are prominently displayed at the top. 3.

This trade card for L. Loupe, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, carpets, oil cloths, and matting in Gilroy, California, features a comical illustration titled “A Front Seat in a Rail-Road Car.” The image depicts a person from behind, wearing a large, ornate hat that obstructs the view for anyone sitting behind them on a train. The card uses blue ink on a light background with a simple decorative border. The verso is blank.

This trade card advertises "Blue Stocking Cigar" manufactured by Levy & Ginsburg. The card features a colorful, cartoonish illustration of a man in a hat, vest, and striped pants, walking and holding a pipe. The text "SMOKE BLUE STOCKING CIGAR. Manufactured by Levy & Ginsburg" is printed above the illustration. The bottom left corner indicates "COPYRIGHT 1882". The reverse side is blank. 3.

This trade card for Mitchell & Seixas, located at 927 Broadway, N. Y., features a decorative illustration. The image depicts two small, cherubic children carrying a large, ornate clock on a stretcher-like frame. The business, identified as stationers and dealing in clocks, used this card for advertising. The design is typical of late 19th-century lithographic trade cards.

This trade card advertises Mrs. C. Solomon's Boot & Shoe Store, located at 1349 South Second St., Philadelphia, circa 1885. The card features a colorful illustration of a young girl in a field with trees, playing with a hoop and stick. A sign next to her provides the business's compliments and address. 3.

A trade card for N. & J. Cohn, jobbers and dealers in tobacco and segars, located at No. 12 Fulton Street, New York. The card advertises that the trade is supplied at the lowest rates and notes the business was established in 1854. The business name and product type ("TOBACCO & SEGARS") are prominently displayed with a shadowed, three-dimensional text effect, typical of 19th-century commercial printing. The reverse side contains handwritten notes detailing quantities of specific tobacco products (e.g., "Sweet Cub," "Veiger Leaf," "Century") and the names H.P. Hoagland and J.H.B Newhall with the address 105 Chanda St, likely indicating a transaction or order. 3.

This trade card for "Portuguese Joe Silva Mendes & Neves," located at Nº 1 Palace Square in Rio de Janeiro, advertises the business as provision merchants, shipping grocers, and general dealers. The card features elegant, ornate script for the main business name and services, with "Portuguese Joe" presented in a different, more gothic-style font. **3.

This trade card features advertisements for two distinct businesses. The recto side displays a lithographic illustration of a baseball player falling, titled "Bravo! The Pet of the Nine," and promotes "MERCHANT'S GARGLING OIL," stating it was first introduced in 1833, manufactured by M. G. O. Co. in Lockport, N.Y., and sold by druggists. It also mentions "JOHN HODGE, Sec'y." The verso side advertises S. Levy, a dealer in Fancy Goods, Notions, Kid Gloves, Hosiery, Gloves, Embroideries, Laces, Wooden and Willow Ware, Zephyrs, Yarns, Canvas, and other novelties in fancy needlework, located on College Street in Oberlin, Ohio. The text on both sides is presented in various decorative typefaces typical of late 19th-century advertising.

This trade card for Siegfried & Brandenstein, Tea Importers, features an illustration of a wooden tea crate with "TEA" prominently displayed on one side and "THE PRIDE OF JAPAN" with an image of a tree on another side. The business name "SIEGFRIED & BRANDENSTEIN" is in ornate, Victorian-style lettering at the top, flanked by the names "JOHN C. SIEGFRIED" and "M. J. BRANDENSTEIN." Below the illustration, the word "IMPORTERS" is present, followed by two business addresses: "118 & 120 Market St." and "15 & 17 California St.", with "SAN FRANCISCO, CAL." identified as the location. The card also notes it is "Represented By E. S. La France." The verso of the card contains handwritten notes dated August 19, 1891, detailing a transaction for "Mr. Graus" for items such as "1/2 Ch, 1336 Grit. 15¢" and "Gaurana Salvee, at 25¢ Lb," possibly from E.S. La France, who is noted as a representative on the front. **3.

This trade card from The London & Liverpool Clothing House, located at 902 & 904 Pacific Ave. in Tacoma, W. T., dates to circa 1885. It features a colorful illustration of a woman balancing a basket filled with fruit and glasses on her head, a common advertising motif of the period. The card serves as a compliment from the clothing establishment, with proprietor Chas. Reichenbach noted. The lettering for the business name is decorative, indicative of Victorian-era advertising aesthetics.

A circa 1885 trade card depicting a comical man who has been beaten. The reverse side is blank. The card mentions "First Street." The card is part of the O collection, located in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 58.

Trade card depicting boys dressed in soldier costumes carrying a crying girl in a playpen. The card includes the text "The Fair Captive" and "Thanks to the Public for Trade and Patronage." It is numbered "Card 101". The card is circa 1885. The card was found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 69.

Trade card depicting a gypsy girl holding a cat. The reverse of the card is not described. Published in the United States in 1887.

This trade card depicts a girl in peppermint striped pants awaiting a stork with a baby. The reverse of the card is not described. The card was likely produced around 1885 and features an advertisement for a business located at 135 Illinois Street, Chicago, Illinois. The full advertisement is visible on the card.

Trade card depicting a red rose in an arched winter scene, with the address 19 North Church Street. This is one of two cards in the set. The card dates from circa 1885 and is part of the Moses Lumis Collection. The card's geographic location is Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, based on the address and the collection context.

Trade card depicting a woman standing on a chair talking over a wall to a man. The address '211 Montgomery St., Russ House Block' is visible. The card is circa 1885 and was found within collection Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 58. The image depicts a mercantile scene.

Trade card depicting a hand with a pig on each finger. The reverse of the card is blank. The card is associated with the address 211 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, and dates from circa 1885. The card is part of the Joseph Figel Collection.

Trade card depicting a bird and flowers. The reverse side is blank. The address 213 Washington Street is visible on the front. The card dates from circa 1890. Found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 17.

Trade card depicting two boys, one in blue and one in brown, standing among flowers. The card indicates a business located at 215 Columbia Street between Union and Sackett Streets, and Summit and Willoughby Streets, in Brooklyn, New York. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting "230 Market Street" and a man at home, circa 1885. The card suggests a business located at 230 Market Street. Further details about the nature of the business are not available from this image.

Trade card depicting a woman's hand and roses. The back of the card is blank. The card likely comes from a business located at 230 North Street, circa 1885. Geographic location is Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Trade card depicting a girl and a fishbowl, likely advertising a business located at 239 South Street. The card dates from circa 1885. The card is part of the Lewis Rau collection (Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 59).

Trade card depicting two dogs playing, one attached to a post, at the address 346 Penn Street. Card number 3. Circa 1885.

A trade card advertising a business located at 41 Lake Street. The card features a full advertisement on the back. The card dates from circa 1885. The geographic location is Syracuse, NY.

Trade card advertising a business located at 492 North 3rd Avenue between 33rd and 34th Streets in New York City. The card dates from circa 1885. The card is part of the manuscript collection, located in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 17.

Trade card depicting an image of 'Muse with a Feather Duster'. The card indicates a business located at 58 & 59 North 8th Street, likely in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card dates to circa 1885.

A trade card depicting a child among toys, likely advertising a business located at 626 Girard Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card dates from circa 1885. The card is part of the Isaiah Weinmann collection.

Sepia-toned trade card depicting two costumed children in pink against a gold background, with holiday presents. The address 702 Flushing Avenue, near Throop, is prominently displayed. The card is circa 1885 and is part of the collection of trade cards and other ephemera documenting Mercantile business in Brooklyn, New York.

Trade card depicting roses in a vase (pink, white, and red) at 708 Broadway, New York City. The card is part of a larger collection of materials and is included in Arc.MS.56, Volume 25, Page 10. The card dates from circa 1885. The subject is mercantile.

Trade card depicting three kittens walking a rope on a water-filled bucket. The card advertises Altman & Co., located at the corner of Seneca and Ellicott Streets. Circa 1885. From archival collection Arc.MS.56, Volume 25, Page 19.

A circa 1885 trade card depicting a baby with a butterfly net. The card also includes the address 254 N. Second Street. The imagery is described as comical. Found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 59.

Trade card depicting a baby's head within a black circle, surrounded by daisy flowers and an advertisement. The card is part of Volume 25, Page 1 of archival collection Arc.MS.56. The image is dated circa 1885. The card is related to mercantile topics.

Trade card depicting a child on a wall. The back of the card features a full advertisement for Baum & Bernstein. The card is dated circa 1885. Geographic location is approximately 41.5375889999308, -72.8011000000881.

Trade card commemorating the first anniversary of a bazar in New York City, circa 1885. The card features an image of a butterfly with unusual colors. The description suggests a focus on mercantile activity.

Trade card depicting two kittens in the middle of a fence. The address 1101.1103.1119 Chestnut Street is prominently displayed. The card is from circa 1885. The image shows a full advertisement. The card is part of Manuscript Collection 1410, located in the OOS, Box 2, Folder 59.

Trade card for Boedefeld & Booksin, located at 1115 Folsom Street, between 7th and 8th Streets, San Francisco, California. The card features a head-and-bust portrait of a woman. An advertisement is printed on the reverse side. The card is dated circa 1885. This item is part of the O collection, Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 4.

Trade card depicting a boy in a window. The card indicates a move from 123 North Eighth Street to 31 North Eighth Street on August 31, 1884. The card was on display at a Library of Congress exhibit in Cincinnati (AJA) in 2005. Circa 1885. Found in Archives and Manuscript Collection, Box 5, Folder 11.

An engraved trade card advertising "Burt" shoes. The card features an illustration of a woman in a shoe being carried by two Black individuals. The reverse side contains a full advertisement incorporating an 1882 calendar. The card was found in a collection of materials related to the Mercantile business, and its geographic location is associated with Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

A trade card featuring cats, likely from a business, circa 1885. The card is part of the Manuscript Collection 1410, located in the Out-of-Series collection, Box 2, Folder 59. The card's exact purpose and issuing business are unknown, indicated only by the word 'CATS' on the record. Geographic location is Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, based on collection metadata.

A trade card depicting a cherub sitting on grass with a rabbit and two bunnies. This is one of two similar cards. Circa 1885. Geographic location: New York, Albany County. Subject: Mercantile.

Trade card depicting a child fishing with a dog. This is one of a set of four cards. The image shows the child and dog near a body of water. The address 254 N. 2nd Street is mentioned on the card. The card is circa 1885 and part of the Ms. Coll. 1410 collection.

This trade card depicts children in an egg carriage pulled by two rabbits. The address 304 Lakawanna Avenue is visible on the card. The card dates from circa 1885. It is part of a collection of trade cards from the late 19th and early 20th centuries related to Mercantile topics.

Trade card depicting children looking at suits in a store located on Fourth Street near B Street in Sacramento, California. The image is dated circa 1885. The card is part of the collection of Judaica Americana.

Trade card depicting a comical cat scene. The address 574 Main Street is printed on the card. The card is part of the O collection and is housed in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 58. It dates to circa 1885.

Stock trade card for Corticelli spool cotton. The front depicts a pixy; the verso indicates Carson, Nevada. Stamped 'M. Cohn "Original One Price Dry Goods Store"'. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting daisies. The address 614 Fulton Avenue is printed on the card. The card is part of the O Collection, housed in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Binder 1, Page 17. The card is estimated to be from circa 1885.

One of two trade cards depicting a dark shoe and a yellow rose. The card dates from circa 1885. The item is part of the Manuscript Collection 1410, located in the Out of Series (OOS) collection, Box 2, Folder 17.

Trade card advertising dry goods. The front features an 1863 Indian Head penny. The reverse reads "Dry Goods No. 3 Union Block..." The card is dated 1863 and likely originated in Syracuse, New York. The card is part of the Louis Strauss Collection.

Trade card advertising F. A. Fiedler, a dealer in fine watches, diamonds, and other goods. The front of the card features an illustration of a butterfly. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for Indian Herb Cough Drops. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a baby in a high chair. The card indicates a business location at 668 8th Avenue, between 42nd and 43rd Streets, New York City. The card is dated circa 1885. The subject of the business is mercantile.

Trade card advertising Frank & Levi's successors located at 30 & 32 Milton Avenue. The card mentions President Hayes. The card is part of Volume 25, Page 2 of archival collection Arc.MS.56. The card dates from circa 1885.

Trade card depicting three small figures in a sailboat, advertising Frear's Bazaar. The card shows a full advertisement. The image is approximately from 1885. The geographic location is Albany, New York.

Trade card depicting a comic illustration of a dog with a pail tied to its tail. The card advertises "Frear's Bazaar." A note indicates that an accompanying advertising mirror from Troy, New York, also features this advertisement. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting two cats playing, with the address 14, 16, 18 Asylum Street. The card is circa 1885. The reverse of the card is described as having a full advertisement. The card is part of the E Collection. Geographic location: Hartford, Connecticut.

Sepia-toned trade card depicting a girl and a boy in colonial-era clothing. The card is one of two in a set. The reverse of the card features advertising. The card is dated circa 1885. The card is located in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 58.

A circa 1885 trade card depicting a girl archer and a man in a suit, possibly referencing George Washington. The card's text is partially illegible, indicating 'GIRL ARCHER; BACK... SAYING ABOUT G. WASHINGTON..MAN IN A SUIT'. The card's mercantile nature suggests a commercial purpose, likely advertising a product or service. The card was found in New York City (40.7130465999879, -74.0072301004255).

Trade card depicting a girl holding a cat. The address 515 Main Street is visible. A full advertisement is present on the reverse side. The card dates from circa 1885. Found in Arc.MS.56, Volume 25, Page 28.

Trade card depicting a girl in a garden, featuring gold and green colors. This is one of two cards. Circa 1885. The card is from the mercantile trade. Location: Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 58

Trade card depicting a girl in oriental garb. The address 13 & 15 North Salina Street is printed on the card. The card dates from circa 1885. This item is found in the Syracuse University archives (Arc.MS.56, Volume 28, Page 4). The card relates to mercantile business activity.

Trade card depicting a girl with a cloth on her head. The address 926 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia is included on the card. The card dates from circa 1885. This item is part of Manuscript Collection 1410 and is located in OOS, Box 2, Folder 59.

Trade card depicting a girl with an umbrella blown away by the wind. The card advertises a business located at 62 West Fourth Street. The back of the card contains a full advertisement. Circa 1885. Found in the Judaica Americana Collection.

One of two trade cards depicting a green sepia-toned image of a joker and two boys. The card is part of the Joseph Figel Collection and dates from circa 1885. The card's geographic context is the San Francisco Bay Area. The card is housed in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 58.

Trade card advertising Guckler Brothers, tobacco merchants, located at 200 State Street, Rochester, New York. The card features a brownish image of a cat's head. Established in 1860. The card advertises "Fine Cut, Smoking, Snuff, & Leaf." One of two cards in the collection. Circa 1885.

Trade card advertising Guckler Brothers, tobacco merchants, located at 200 State Street, Rochester, New York. Established in 1860. The card features an illustration of a white-headed cat with a bow. This is part two of a two-part card. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a domestic scene: a mother sleeping in a chair, a baby in a crib, and a detail of the mother looking for the baby who is hanging onto a shade in the air. The address 486 Broadway is prominently displayed. The card is part of a larger collection of trade cards and suggests the business at 486 Broadway. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a scene of a mother sleeping in a chair with her baby in a crib, holding a cord. The back shows the mother looking for the baby who is in the air. The card advertises a business located at 486 Broadway. The trade card dates from circa 1885 and is one of two in a set. The card is part of the Manuscript Collection 1410, located in the Out-of-Scope (OOS) section, Binder 1, Page 2.

Trade card advertising Heinman Brothers, located at 1028 & 1030 Market Street in San Francisco. The card includes the tagline "TWO LADIES OF THE NITE..."IN THE MORNING BY THE BRIGHT LITE" and details regarding the business' rules. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a Makido scene. Issued by I. H. Brounstein, located at 13 & 15 North Salina Street, Syracuse, New York. Circa 1885.

Trade card for J. L. Isaacs, located at 1210 and 1212 Olive Street in St. Louis, Missouri. The card depicts a girl with a basket. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting an Italian warship on the front and an advertisement on the reverse. The card is circa 1885. The card was found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 58. The card relates to mercantile trade.

Trade card for J. L. Isaacs located at 1210 and 1212 Olive Street, St. Louis, Missouri. The card depicts a girl inside a heart holding an envelope. The reverse side contains a full advertisement. This trade card is dated circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a fashionably dressed boy. The card indicates a business located at 68 North Second Street, below Arch Street, on the west side in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card is circa 1885. The image is a depiction of a fashionably dressed boy.

Trade card for Kline & Brothers, located at 605 Hamilton Street. The card features a large rose design. Circa 1885. Found in Manuscript Collection 1410, Out of Series, Box 2, Folder 45.

Trade card depicting a young boy and girl ice skating. The card also features illustrations and the text "Charter Oak." The card is part of a larger collection of Mercantile related materials and is dated circa 1885. The card's geographic context is indicated by the coordinates 37.1708869998158, -94.8425689999469, suggesting a location in the central United States.

A trade card depicting a man leaning over a stream with a fishing pole. The card features an autumnal color scheme. The card is circa 1885 and was found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 71. The subject matter relates to mercantile themes.

Lithographed trade card advertising Markendorf's State Capital, located at 36 Pearl Street, corner of Beaver Street, Albany, New York. Circa 1885.

A trade card depicting a girl with a trimmed hat and scarf. The back of the card shows a full advertisement for Mencke, Wm. & Bros., located at 804 Arch Street. The card is estimated to be from circa 1885. The image is described as a full advertisement.

Trade card depicting a boy and a dog lying on grass. Two salesmen, H. Frank among them, are listed. The card is associated with a business on Milton Avenue, circa 1885. This item is from Volume 25, Page 3 of archival collection Arc.MS.56.

Trade card depicting children at the seashore, advertising Morgenthau Bros. located at State and Monroe Streets in Chicago, Illinois. The card is from circa 1885 and is part of Collection E, Arc.MS.56, Volume 10, Page 18.

Trade card depicting a scene of children at the seashore. The back of the card features a full advertisement for Morgenthau Brothers, located at State and Monroe Streets in Chicago, Illinois. This item is part of a larger collection of manuscript materials. The approximate date is circa 1885.

Trade card depicting State and Monroe Streets in Chicago, Illinois, circa 1885. The card features an image of children at the shore and a full advertisement on the reverse. The Morgenthau Brothers are identified as associated with this trade card.

Trade card depicting a bulldog holding a business card for the New York Clothing House, located at 229 High Street. This is set 1 of 3. The card is circa 1885. The image shows a bulldog, which is often used as a symbol of strength and reliability in advertising, holding a business card in its mouth. This suggests that the clothing house was aiming to convey a sense of strength and reliability to potential customers.

Trade card depicting two cats chasing a mouse on grass. The address 'No. 6 and 8 Fayette Street' is prominently featured. This card is part of a larger collection of trade cards and likely dates from around 1860, based on contextual information. The image is described as showing two cats chasing a mouse on grass. This item comes from Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Binder 1, Page 8.

Trade card depicting No. 6 and 8 Fayette Street in Syracuse, New York. The card shows two cats; one on a step, the other on the ground. This circa 1885 trade card is part of the O Collection, located in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 17.

Trade card advertising Oehms Acme Hall, located on West Baltimore Street near Charles Street in Baltimore, Maryland. The card depicts a young boy giving flowers to a young girl. The back of the card features a large advertisement. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a boy in a helmet. The address 523 William Street is printed on the card. The card is part of the Oppenheim Bros. collection and dates from circa 1885. This item is housed in the Archives, Manuscript Collection 56, Volume 25, Page 29.

Trade card advertising Phelps, Dodge, and Palmer, manufacturers, located at Adams Street & 5th Avenue in Chicago. The card features an illustration of a baby in a high chair pouring wine. The card is circa 1885. The card is from manuscript collection 1410, OOS, Binder 1, Page 25.

Trade card advertising Poheim's mercantile establishment in San Francisco, California. The card depicts a turkey standing on one foot and boasts of having the "Best Fitting Clothes in the State." The advertisement lists two addresses: 203 Mont'y Street and 724 Market Streets. The card dates from circa 1885.

Trade card featuring an oriental motif on the front and a blank reverse. The card is blue card stock. The card is circa 1885. The address 360 Main Street is visible on the card. The card is from Arc.MS.56, Volume 9, Page 18.

Trade card depicting a red shoe and a white rose. This is one of two cards. The card is part of the collection of E. D. Shumway materials, circa 1885. The geographic location is associated with New York, based on the collection's provenance.

Trade card depicting a scene at 49 Columbia Avenue, near the corner of Green Street, Baltimore, Maryland. The illustration shows two children: a boy in a blue jacket holding onto a tree and a girl in a red dress and straw hat sitting on the lawn with a basket. The back of the card is described as 'full ad'. The card dates to circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a boy holding an ore. The card advertises Ripka & Company and includes the address 1336 Atlantic Ave. on the Atlantic City boardwalk. The card is circa 1885. The image shows a full advertisement.

Trade card depicting a hand holding flowers. The address 407 & 409 Northampton Street, above 4th, is listed. The card is circa 1885. The card is associated with Rosenbaum, and the subject matter suggests a business potentially related to flowers, gifts, or a similar trade.

Trade card depicting a baby in a large yellow shoe. The card is part of Volume 25, Page 31 of Arc.MS.56. The image is described as "BABY IN A LARGE YELLOW SHOE". The card is dated circa 1900.

Trade card depicting a child looking into a large egg with a lamb emerging. The address 22 S. Salina St., corner Railroad, Syracuse, New York is printed on the card. This item is part of a larger collection and is specifically located in Arc.MS.56, Volume 31, Page 6. The card dates to circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a child in armor on a horse. The address 307 Main St. is visible on the card. The card is described as a "full ad". The card is dated circa 1885. The card was found in Arc.MS.56, Box 20, Folder 7.

Trade card depicting the Russ House Block at 211 Montgomery Street in San Francisco, California. The image shows red flowers on a branch. The card dates from circa 1885. The card is part of the Joseph Figel collection.

Trade card depicting a comical man with an arrow in his hat. The address 22 South Salina Street, Syracuse, New York is visible on the card. The card is circa 1885. The card is from the collection of Judaica Americana.

Trade card depicting Schloss & Sons' factory in Brooklyn, New York. The card features lithographic images of the factory and the company's brand, "The Castle Brade Company." The address listed is 15 & 17 Mercer Street, between Canal and Grand Streets, in New York City. The card also includes the telephone number, Spring 689. The card is dated circa 1885.

Trade card for Schwartz Toy Bazar located at 300 Fulton Street, Brooklyn, New York. The card features an eagle on the front and a full advertisement on the verso. The card dates from circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a child in a nightgown on the front and an advertisement for a business located on the corner of Seneca and Ellicott Streets in Buffalo, New York. The card is dated circa 1885. The reverse of the card features a full advertisement.

Trade card depicting a sheep and a herder. The reverse side contains a full advertisement. The card dates from circa 1885. Found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 17.

Trade card depicting a shoe with roses. The card is circa 1885 and is part of the Ms. Coll. 1410 collection. The card's subject relates to the mercantile trade.

Trade card advertising Silleck Bros. located at 297 Broadway in New York City. The card depicts an illustration of a cook attempting to capture a piece of the moon in a bottle. The advertisement is presented as a full-page spread. The card is part of Manuscript Collection 1410, located in the Out-of-State collection, Binder 1, Page 25. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a comical scene of four dogs reading a newspaper on the front. The back of the card features a full advertisement for Silleck Brothers located at 297 Broadway. The card is estimated to date from circa 1885.

Trade card advertising a semi-annual sale. The front of the card features a black comical image, while the back advertises the sale. The card is dated January 11, 1884, and associated with Julius L. Straus. The card is part of Manuscript Collection 1410, located in the OOS Binder 1, Page 9.

Trade card advertising Switzer & Newwitter & Co., dry goods merchants in Vicksburg, Mississippi. The card features an illustration of a girl in a straw hat. The reverse side contains a full advertisement. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a lithograph of Uncle Sam for Tarbox, Schliek & Co., shoe manufacturers in St. Paul, Minnesota. The card is oversized, measuring 4.5" x 7". It is circa 1885.

This trade card, circa 1885, features an advertisement for a business associated with Julius L. Straus. The card's design includes the phrase "The Bloomin' Dude." It came from the same lot as item 12.739, which contained a complete address. The card's content is described as "COMICAL".

Trade card depicting "Three Owls" located at 211 Montgomery Street, San Francisco. The card dates from circa 1885. The card is part of the Joseph Figel Collection.

Trade card depicting two young girls with fans. The card also advertises the "Royal Bazaar" located at 100 Royal Street. The card is circa 1885 and relates to mercantile business in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Trade card advertising Watson & Moses, purveyors of staples, fancy groceries, hats, caps, boots, glassware, notions, and crockery. The front of the card features an advertisement for Lautz Soap and depicts children in fancy clothes and a hatched chick. The reverse side includes an order sheet for goods. The card is circa 1885 and is found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Binder 1, Page 24.

Trade card depicting an angel with a staff and sword, along with a full advertisement and chair. The card features the address 223 & 225 N. 6th St., indicating a business location in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a circular fan with a frog and elephant in gray. The back of the card features a full advertisement. Established in 1840. The card is associated with Henry C. Wisner and located at 33 State Street, circa 1885. This item is part of the O collection.

Trade card depicting a woman in a costume. The address 119 Tremont Street, Boston, Massachusetts is printed on the card. The card is part of the Joseph Hart Collection. The card dates from circa 1885.

Pre-Civil War trade token issued circa 1834 in Bridgetown, Barbados, by Moses Tolano, a merchant at 33 Swan Street. The obverse depicts "MOSES TOLANTO BARBADOES" with a bale and the initials M.T. The reverse reads "FREEDOM WITHOUT SLAVERY" with a six-petal rosette and a barrel with the initials M.T. Slavery was abolished in Barbados in 1834. The Synagogue of Bridgetown records the burial of a Moses Tolano, 38, son of Joseph Tolano, a merchant at 33 Swann Street, on May 30, 1852. While the name varies slightly in spelling, it is considered the same individual. Information derived from Shilstone's *Monumental Inscriptions...Synagogue...Bridgetown, Barbados*.

Trade token issued by Leo Cohen in Albany, Oregon. The front of the token indicates that it is good for 5 cents in trade. The date of issuance is unknown, although the collection suggests it may be from around 1890. The token's material composition is not specified.

Trade token issued by Sam Cohen in Mesa, Arizona. The front of the token features the name "Sam Cohen," and the back indicates that it is "good for 5 cents in trade." The token was used at a billiard establishment.