Subject: South Carolina

An invoice from B. Feldmann & Co., dealers in fine family groceries and provisions, located at No. 350 King Street, between Society and George, in Charleston, SC. Dated August 19, 1889, the billhead is addressed to M. Simmons, Milly & Co., detailing a transaction for $1.00. The item features ornate Victorian-style typography for the business name and services, and a decorative border on the left side lists a wide range of grocery products available, including hams, bacon, coffee, tea, sugar, and various liquors. The document also states, "BILLS NOT PAID IN THIRTY DAYS, WILL BE CHARGED INTEREST."

CONTINENTAL CURRENCY - South Carolina November 15, 1775 15s PMG Choice Fine 15 Net..."We last sold this note in 2002; over two decades ago. Our description at the time is still completely appropriate: "This is one of the best-looking examples we've seen of this issue and denomination, and the note has considerable added importance as it bears the bold signature of F. Salvador as one of the three signers. Francis Salvador was the first person of the Jewish faith to be elected to public office in America, when he was elected to the Provincial Congress of South Carolina in 1774. According to Newman, he was the first soldier of the Jewish faith to be killed in combat in the American Revolution. Our understanding of the same story was that George Washington had personally requested that he meet with the local Indians in an effort to make a peace treaty with them. While on this mission, he was killed by the Indians. This is the finest Salvador signature that we can recall seeing, and his signature is one of the most highly prized and elusive of all Jewish-American historical figures." The note faces up very nicely, with PMG noting a restoration that has repaired two splits and a centerfold." The historic tract of land known as "Jew's Land" was established in 1755 when Joseph Salvador, a wealthy Sephardic Jewish merchant from London, purchased 100,000 acres in the remote Ninety-Six District of South Carolina. Salvador and his business partners originally envisioned the massive backcountry property as a structured agricultural sanctuary where impoverished European Jews, facing severe legal and social restrictions at home, could achieve financial self-sufficiency. However, this grand humanitarian plan was derailed when the catastrophic 1755 Lisbon earthquake and subsequent British East India Company failures decimated the Salvador family's European fortune, forcing them to treat the frontier wilderness as a critical financial life raft rather than a philanthropic colony. To monetize the investment, the family began subdividing the tract, which paved the way for Joseph's nephew, Francis Salvador, to immigrate to South Carolina in 1773 and claim 7,000 acres of the land along Coronaca Creek. There, Francis established a highly successful indigo plantation utilizing the labor of approximately thirty enslaved people. This agricultural venture aligned with the broader rise of the colony's indigo industry, heavily championed by Moses Lindo, a fellow Jewish merchant who served as South Carolina's Inspector-General of Indigo. Because of its location in the highly fractured backcountry, "Jew's Land" quickly became a focal point of geopolitical tension during the American Revolution. It was on this very plantation that Francis Salvador learned of British-allied Cherokee attacks on July 1, 1776, prompting his historic 30-mile ride to rally the local Patriot militia before he was ultimately ambushed and killed exactly one month later. Following the Revolutionary War and Francis's tragic death, the vast estate slipped from the family's control and became embroiled in decades of legal turmoil. Because the original property titles belonged to British-based heirs, local frontier settlers began squatting on the land, triggering landmark real estate lawsuits in the Abbeville District courts during the early 1800s that helped launch the careers of prominent Southern lawyers like future Vice President John C. Calhoun. Despite these ownership shifts, the name "Jew's Land" remained a fixture of local identity for generations, frequently appearing in 19th- and 20th-century property deeds, estate sales, and local obituaries. Today, while the original plantations have dissolved into the modern landscapes of Greenwood and Abbeville counties, the legacy of this pioneering settlement is preserved through historical archives and the nearby Ninety Six National Historic Site. In July 1776, Salvador earned the nickname "Southern Paul Revere" when he rode over 30 miles to warn militia units in the backcountry of South Carolina of an Indian attack. Over a month later, Salvador led a group of militiamen towards the Keowee River, where British and Native Americans were camped and were ambushed by the group on August 1st, 1776. During the fight, Salvador was wounded and scalped by the Native American soldiers, and he died of his wounds. He was 29 years old at the time of his death. Note: he was listed as a subscriber for First Siddur Translated into English for Jews of England,London, 1770

This legal manuscript document, dated April 1, 1863, from Columbia, SC, is a report from R.D. Burger to Col. John Phillips. It details the results of a comprehensive search for unsatisfied judgments against M. Cohen (Marx E. Cohen) and A.J. Salinas (Anthony J. Salinas) in the Charleston District and City Court records, spanning twenty years back to October 1861, as well as an examination of records in the Office of the Clerk of the Confederate Court. The report concludes that no unsatisfied judgments were found against either party. The document features an attractive court watermark. 3.

This document contains a report from The Committee on the Judiciary and a proposed bill to amend the law related to trading with slaves in South Carolina. Authored by Franklin J. Moses as Chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary, the report details the rationale for stronger penalties against illegal slave trading and liquor sales to enslaved persons. The proposed amendment to the bill specifies increased fines, imprisonment, and physical punishment (whipping) for repeat offenders, explicitly excluding white females from corporal punishment. The document is a printed form, showing signs of age with some staining and torn edges, characteristic of historical legislative papers from the mid-19th century. The amendment was successfully passed on December 21, 1857. The description also notes the historical significance of this specific amendment, its absence in prominent historical texts on the slave trade, and the involvement of Franklin J. Moses Sr., a notable figure in South Carolina's history. **3.

This item is a map depicting the states of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Florida, published by S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr. in 1865. The map was originally copyrighted in 1860. It features colored county delineations and an ornate border design, typical of cartography from the period. An inset map of Charleston Harbor is included. The map provides an early depiction of Fort Myers, Florida, with accompanying text highlighting its historical context, including its construction on the ruins of Fort Harvie, its naming after Brevet Colonel Abraham Charles Myers (quartermaster for the Army's Department of Florida), its abandonment in 1858 at the end of the Third Seminole War, and its distinction as the only U.S. fort named after a Jew.

A printed pamphlet titled "Charleston Business Cards" serving as a directory of various businesses operating in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1854. It lists numerous businesses with their names, industries, and addresses, including wholesale shoe dealers, booksellers and stationers, importers and wholesale dealers in dry goods and clothing, carriage factories, wholesale and retail grocers, dealers in drugs and fancy goods, drapers and tailors, manufacturing stationers, agents for steamship lines, importers and wholesale dealers in German, French, and English goods, rubber goods dealers, importers and wholesale dealers in lead, paints, oils, and window glass, brokers and auction agents, manufacturers of carriages and buggies, daguerrean artists, direct importers of hardware, cutlery, and guns, importers of foreign books, stationery, and works of art, retail apothecaries and druggists, and manufacturers and dealers in hats and caps. Specific highlighted entries include the "Carolina Clothing Depot" (with A. N. Cohen, Jr. as Proprietor and L. L. Levy as Superintendent), the "Southern Clothing Emporium" (operated by D. J. & J. Levy), "James E. Spear" (dealing in Fine Watches, Jewelry, Silver Ware, and Fancy Goods), and the "Charleston Hat Manufactory" (managed by R. Hawley), which explicitly notes its establishment date as Jan. 1, 1854. The pamphlet features a simple, text-heavy layout typical of business directories of the period, printed on aged paper with basic typography. No elaborate graphical elements or logos are visible.

An albumen print photograph titled "No. 9.--Bombproof, for Telegraph Operator in Trenches" depicting a dug-out structure covered with earth, located by a body of water, likely a trench. The photograph was taken by Haas & Peale on Morris Island, South Carolina, and Hilton Head, South Carolina, around 1863, during the American Civil War. The print is mounted on card stock and features a decorative geometric border framing the image. The photographers' names, "Haas & Peale," are signed on the image itself, and printed below the image are "Photod by Haas & Peale Morris Island & Hilton Head, S.C." and the descriptive title.

This albumen print, titled "No. 41.--One piece--Henry's Battery," captures an artillery battery during the American Civil War. The photograph depicts soldiers, including African American artillerists, gathered around a cannon with horses nearby, set against a sandy, outdoor landscape. The scene features commanding officer Captain Guy Henry seated on horseback. The image is mounted on cardstock, with the photographers' imprint and title printed on the recto. A decorative corner border is visible on the mount. The photograph is part of a series taken in South Carolina in 1863, documenting General Quincy Gillmore's army and siege operations.