Subject: Transatlantic Trade

Bill of lading for a shipment of hogsheads of tobacco and other tobacco products from Bermuda Hundred, Virginia to Le Havre, France. The bill of lading, dated May 1, 1832, was issued by Moses Myers of Norfolk for the estate of Stephen Girard of Philadelphia. The vessel used was the *Elizabeth Smith*. The document measures 5 1/2" x 10 1/4".

Bill of sale detailing the sale of 25 boxes of spermaceti candles and boxes of paper from Aaron Lopez to William and Samuel Vernon. The document lists each box separately, totaling 1,843 pounds sterling. Dated January 8, 1770, in Newport, Rhode Island.

This collection comprises 24 miscellaneous letters from the Tobias family archive, spanning the years 1843-1865. The letters, written between various members of the Tobias family and their associates, discuss personal and business matters, including family health, shipping, money issues, and general news. Geographic locations mentioned include Liverpool, England; New York, New York; Charleston, South Carolina; Boston, Massachusetts; Paris, France; and Cheltenham, England. Addresses mentioned in the letters include Board Street, New York, NY; 29 Nassau Street, New York, NY; Bleecker Street, New York, NY; Broad Street, New York, NY; and 38 Harley Street, London, England. The collection provides insight into the lives and business dealings of a Jewish merchant family in the mid-19th century.

One-page commercial letter written by George Washington Tobias in Liverpool, England, to his uncle, T.I. Tobias, in New York, New York, on November 24, 1837. The letter discusses a billing error.

Undated business letter sent from J. H. Coopsim in Fraser Park, Missouri, to the Rothschild Bank in Paris, France. The letter concerns a customer in Hamburg, Germany. The envelope features the names of J. H. Coopsim and Leonhard Roos Fur Co. and the locations of Fraser Park and St. Louis, Missouri, and Paris, France.

A one-page, stampless letter written by A. S. Thornton in Manchester, England, on June 1, 1838, to Mr. Henry Tobias in New York City. The letter discusses insuring goods for shipment to America.

A two-page letter written by C. A. D'Araigo in Madrid, Spain, on June 28, 1839, to T. I. Tobias in New York City. The letter discusses business matters, personal health, and the progress of a school for young Hebrews.

A three-page letter, plus a page of cross-hatch markings, from Charles Tobias in Holyhead, England, to his brother Henry Tobias in New York City, dated May 7, 1841. Charles details his sea voyage to Liverpool, his health, and his sister Sophie's improved health. A significant portion of the letter discusses business matters, including the financial troubles of Elias Mosley and advice for Henry regarding bills of exchange.

A 1 1/2 page letter written by Charles Tobias in Huddersfield, England, on May 17, 1841, to Henry Tobias in New York City. The letter details Charles's difficulties finding suitable goods for resale, his planned itinerary for sourcing goods, and updates on Sophie's improved health and stay at Rock Ferry.

A three-page letter written by Charles Tobias in Liverpool, England, to Henry Tobias in New York City on September 12, 1841. The letter discusses Charles's impending departure for New York, his sister Sophie's health, the purchase of silk and gold dials, difficulties obtaining Hebrew books, the cost of a medical operation, the number of steerage passengers on his ship, suspicions of smuggling, sending a chronometer, and the purchase of an iron chest for transporting letters.

A one-page stampless letter written by Fred M. Tobias in Liverpool, England, on May 23, 1838, to his cousin Charles Tobias in New York City. The letter discusses business matters.

A three-page letter dated April 7, 1837, from Henry Tobias in Liverpool, England, to T. I. Tobias in New York City. The letter discusses business matters, including concerns about a delayed ship carrying cash, difficulties discounting American notes, business failures, and economic hardships affecting spinners in England. The letter provides insight into transatlantic family commercial intelligence three weeks before the Panic of 1837.

A two-page letter from Henry Tobias in Liverpool, England, to his father, T. I. Tobias, in New York, New York, dated November 29, 1836. The letter discusses business matters, including commissions, credit limitations, and the upcoming publication of a new edition of Yontif Books. A short note, dated November 30, 1836, is added on a third page, mentioning poor business conditions in London.

A letterbook copy of a two-and-a-half-page business letter written by Henry Tobias in Liverpool, England, on April 8, 1837, to Thomas Peck. The letter was sent via the packet ship "United States" and discusses the failures of businesses in America and the difficult economic times. The letter provides context to the Panic of 1837.

A hand-carried, stampless letter written by Ira Ballou in Manchester, New Hampshire on July 10, 1840, addressed to J. McDaniel in Concord, Nova Scotia. The letter discusses Ballou's agency for E.W. Capron & Co., selling Persian Pills and David's Jew (Hebrew) Plaster, and requests a supply of the plaster.

A commercial letter written by Merew & Greenall in Helena, Nova Scotia, Canada, to Tobias I in London, England, on October 31, 1815. The letter discusses a shipment and appears to be related to cordage transactions. It is a single page from a copy book.

A two and three-quarter page letter from Michael I. Tobias in Liverpool, England, to T. I. Tobias in New York City, dated March 7, 1837. The letter discusses business matters, advising caution in financial dealings and relaying concerns about the Bank of England. This letter, along with others in the collection, highlights the importance of transatlantic family commercial intelligence during the Panic of 1837.

A two-page letter from T. I. Tobias in New York, New York to John Lamb in London, England, dated December 5, 1825. The letter discusses the sending of goods to a house in Richmond.

A one-page letter (10" x 8") written by William Page in London, England on June 29, 1855, to Tobias I. Tobias in New York City. The letter provides an update on a shipment in progress, including details.

One-page letter (10" x 8") written by William Page in London, England, on June 22, 1855, to Tobias I. Tobias in New York City. The letter provides an update on a shipment in progress, including details.

A partially printed London Tobacco Warehouse receipt documenting the shipment of tobacco from Maryland aboard the ship Sally, consigned to Emanuel Cortisoz in London. The receipt, dated April 11, 1791, indicates Richard Cromwell of Maryland as the shipper and William Anderson as the London merchant acting as agent. This receipt provides insight into the transatlantic tobacco trade and the involvement of Sephardic Jews in London's mercantile activities. The document measures 18 inches wide by 7.5 inches high.

A shipping receipt documenting the shipment of goods from Liverpool, England to New York, New York on May 10, 1832. The receipt is dated June 18, 1835, and includes the names of T. I. Tobias and John Jay. This item is part of a larger collection of commercial and financial records.

Receipt for goods shipped from Liverpool, England to New York, New York. Issued by the Old Line Liverpool Packets to T. I. Tobias on June 18, 1835. This is part 1 of 2.

Shipping document detailing the shipment of goods from Newport, Rhode Island to Tenerife, Canary Islands aboard the sloop Charlotte on July 7, 1769. The document notes the fractional ownership of the voyage among John Andrews, Aaron Lopez, and Solomon Townsend. The cargo included spermaceti candles, flour, corn, stoves, and beeswax. Zebediah Story served as the ship's master. The document's left corner is missing, and it shows slight browning at the edges.

Partially printed shipping document dated November 30, 1769, detailing goods shipped by Aaron Lopez of Newport, Rhode Island to Richard Ellis, a merchant in New Bern, North Carolina. The document lists a variety of goods including rum, candles, molasses, onions, potatoes, cider, apples, and cloth, illustrating the scope of Lopez's commercial activities.

Shipping record detailing the arrival of the ship Ann in New York City from Liverpool, England on July 11, 1817. The record notes Samuel I. Tobias and John Hudson's involvement in the shipment. This broadside was likely created as part of the customs documentation process upon the ship's arrival in New York.

Shipping record detailing the arrival of the ship Sally Anne in New York City from Hamburg, Germany on July 7, 1819. The record indicates the shipment was consigned to Samuel I. Tobias and T. I. Tobias. This document is part of a larger collection of commercial records.

Shipping record detailing the arrival of the ship *Aurora* from Liverpool, England, to New York, New York, on October 25, 1817. The record indicates Samuel I. Tobias and John Hudson were involved in the shipment. The document's value suggests its importance as a record of commercial activity between England and the United States during that period.

Shipping record detailing the arrival of the ship Robert Burns in New York City from Liverpool, England on April 26, 1817. The record lists Samuel I. Tobias and Tobias I. Tobias as involved parties. The document was valued as one collection and purchased on January 7, 2013.

Shipping record detailing the arrival of the ship Rosalie from Liverpool, England, to New York City on April 25, 1817. The record lists Samuel I. Tobias and Tobias I. Tobias as involved parties. The document is a broadside.

Shipping record detailing a shipment from Bristol, England to New York, New York on February 20, 1807. The record involves Harmon Hendricks and Thaddeus Waterman. The record is part of a larger collection documenting the activities of Harmon Hendricks and his family's involvement in the metals industry.

Shipping record detailing the shipment of calf skins from Liverpool, England to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on June 13, 1876. The record indicates the port of entry and lists Loeb Brothers as the recipient.

Four-page shipping manifest detailing goods shipped by Moses Myers from Norfolk, Virginia to Boston, Massachusetts on March 24, 1796. The manifest includes 250 hogsheads of tobacco and 17 enslaved people, with a total value of 5066 pounds sterling. The document is signed by Moses Myers.

Shipping record detailing the import of goods from Liverpool, England to New York, New York, by Samuel I. Tobias and John Hudson on May 6, 1817. The record indicates the port of entry and likely includes details of the shipment's contents and value.

Shipping record detailing the import of goods by Samuel I. Tobias and John Hudson from Liverpool, England to New York, New York on November 18, 1816. The record indicates the port of entry and likely includes details of the shipment's contents and value.

Shipping record detailing the arrival of goods from Liverpool, England to New York, New York on April 25, 1817, by Samuel I. Tobias and Tobias I. Tobias aboard the ship Rosalie. This document serves as a record of the shipment's port of entry and its contents.

Shipping record documenting the arrival of goods in New York City from Liverpool, England, on April 26, 1817. The record lists Samuel I. Tobias and Tobias I. Tobias as involved in the transaction. The ship was the Robert Burns. This document is part of a larger collection of business records.

Shipping record documenting the arrival of cargo in New York from Liverpool, England on December 13, 1816. The record details the shipment by Samuel I. Tobias and Tobias I. Tobias and lists the port of entry as New York City.